svn commit: r43874 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Tue Feb 11 16:55:42 UTC 2014
Author: dru
Date: Tue Feb 11 16:55:42 2014
New Revision: 43874
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/43874
Log:
White space fix only. Translators can ignore.
Sponsored by: iXsystems
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n/chapter.xml Tue Feb 11 16:35:54 2014 (r43873)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n/chapter.xml Tue Feb 11 16:55:42 2014 (r43874)
@@ -110,14 +110,15 @@
<indexterm><primary>language codes</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>country codes</primary></indexterm>
- <para>The <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable> and <replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable> are used
- to determine the country
- and the specific language
- variation. <xref linkend="locale-lang-country"/> provides some
- examples of <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable>_<replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable>:</para>
+ <para>The <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable> and
+ <replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable> are used to determine
+ the country and the specific language variation. <xref
+ linkend="locale-lang-country"/> provides some examples of
+ <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable>_<replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable>:</para>
<table xml:id="locale-lang-country" frame="none" pgwide="1">
<title>Common Language and Country Codes</title>
+
<tgroup cols="2">
<thead>
<row>
@@ -148,10 +149,10 @@
<indexterm><primary>encodings</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>ASCII</primary></indexterm>
- <para>Some languages, such as Chinese or Japanese, cannot be represented using ASCII characters
- and require an extended language encoding using either
- wide or multibyte characters. Older applications
- may mistake these encodings for control
+ <para>Some languages, such as Chinese or Japanese, cannot be
+ represented using ASCII characters and require an extended
+ language encoding using either wide or multibyte characters.
+ Older applications may mistake these encodings for control
characters while newer applications usually recognize 8-bit
characters. Depending on the implementation, users may be
required to compile an application with wide or multibyte
@@ -161,13 +162,13 @@
considerations for finding or compiling applications with i18n
support.</para>
- <para>A complete listing of available locales can be found by
+ <para>A complete listing of available locales can be found by
typing:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>locale -a | more</userinput></screen>
-
+
<para>To determine the current locale setting:</para>
-
+
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>locale</userinput></screen>
<sect2 xml:id="setting-locale">
@@ -186,8 +187,7 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><envar>LANG</envar>, which sets the locale<indexterm>
- <primary>POSIX</primary>
- </indexterm></para>
+ <primary>POSIX</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -203,46 +203,44 @@
specific application configuration and
<application>Xorg</application> configuration.</para>
- <indexterm><primary>locale</primary></indexterm>
- <indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
+ <indexterm><primary>locale</primary></indexterm>
+ <indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
- <para>Two methods are available for making the needed variable
- assignments: the
- <link linkend="login-class">login class</link> method, which
- is the recommended method, and the
- <link linkend="startup-file">startup file</link> method.
- The next two sections demonstrate how to use both methods.</para>
-
- <sect3 xml:id="login-class">
- <title>Login Classes Method</title>
-
- <para>This first method is the recommended method as it
- assigns the required environment variables for
- locale name and MIME character sets
- for every possible shell.
- This setup can either be
- performed by each user or it can be configured for all users by the
- superuser.</para>
-
- <para>This minimal example sets both variables for
- Latin-1 encoding in the
- <filename>.login_conf</filename> of an individual user's
- home directory:</para>
+ <para>Two methods are available for making the needed variable
+ assignments: the <link linkend="login-class">login
+ class</link> method, which is the recommended method, and
+ the <link linkend="startup-file">startup file</link> method.
+ The next two sections demonstrate how to use both
+ methods.</para>
+
+ <sect3 xml:id="login-class">
+ <title>Login Classes Method</title>
+
+ <para>This first method is the recommended method as it
+ assigns the required environment variables for locale name
+ and MIME character sets for every possible shell. This
+ setup can either be performed by each user or it can be
+ configured for all users by the superuser.</para>
+
+ <para>This minimal example sets both variables for Latin-1
+ encoding in the <filename>.login_conf</filename> of an
+ individual user's home directory:</para>
- <programlisting>me:\
+ <programlisting>me:\
:charset=ISO-8859-1:\
:lang=de_DE.ISO8859-1:</programlisting>
- <indexterm><primary>Traditional Chinese</primary>
- <secondary>BIG-5 encoding</secondary></indexterm>
- <para>Here is an example of a user's
- <filename>~/.login_conf</filename> that sets the variables
- for Traditional Chinese in BIG-5 encoding. More
- variables are needed because some applications do not
- correctly respect locale variables for Chinese,
- Japanese, and Korean:</para>
+ <indexterm><primary>Traditional Chinese</primary>
+ <secondary>BIG-5 encoding</secondary></indexterm>
+
+ <para>Here is an example of a user's
+ <filename>~/.login_conf</filename> that sets the variables
+ for Traditional Chinese in BIG-5 encoding. More variables
+ are needed because some applications do not correctly
+ respect locale variables for Chinese, Japanese, and
+ Korean:</para>
- <programlisting>#Users who do not wish to use monetary units or time formats
+ <programlisting>#Users who do not wish to use monetary units or time formats
#of Taiwan can manually change each variable
me:\
:lang=zh_TW.Big5:\
@@ -256,103 +254,108 @@ me:\
:charset=big5:\
:xmodifiers="@im=gcin": #Set gcin as the XIM Input Server</programlisting>
- <para>Alternately, the superuser can configure all users of the system for localization. The following variables in
- <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> are used to set the locale and
- MIME character sete:</para>
+ <para>Alternately, the superuser can configure all users of
+ the system for localization. The following variables in
+ <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> are used to set the
+ locale and MIME character sete:</para>
- <programlisting><replaceable>language_name</replaceable>|<replaceable>Account Type Description</replaceable>:\
+ <programlisting><replaceable>language_name</replaceable>|<replaceable>Account Type Description</replaceable>:\
:charset=<replaceable>MIME_charset</replaceable>:\
:lang=<replaceable>locale_name</replaceable>:\
:tc=default:</programlisting>
- <para>So, the previous Latin-1 example would look like
- this:</para>
+ <para>So, the previous Latin-1 example would look like
+ this:</para>
- <programlisting>german|German Users Accounts:\
+ <programlisting>german|German Users Accounts:\
:charset=ISO-8859-1:\
:lang=de_DE.ISO8859-1:\
:tc=default:</programlisting>
- <para>See &man.login.conf.5; for more
- details about these variables.</para>
+ <para>See &man.login.conf.5; for more details about these
+ variables.</para>
+
+ <para>Whenever <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> is edited,
+ remember to execute the following command to update the
+ capability database:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</userinput></screen>
+
+ <sect4>
+ <title>Utilities Which Change Login Classes</title>
+
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary><command>vipw</command></primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>In addition to manually editing
+ <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename>, several utilities
+ are available for setting the locale for newly created
+ users.</para>
+
+ <para>When using <command>vipw</command> to add new users,
+ specify the <replaceable>language</replaceable> to set the
+ locale:</para>
+
+ <programlisting>user:password:1111:11:<replaceable>language</replaceable>:0:0:User Name:/home/user:/bin/sh</programlisting>
+
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary><command>adduser</command></primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ <indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
+
+ <para>When using <command>adduser</command> to add new
+ users, the default language can be pre-configured for all
+ new users or specified for an individual user.</para>
+
+ <para>If all new users use the same language, set
+ <literal>defaultclass = language</literal> in
+ <filename>/etc/adduser.conf</filename>.</para>
- <para>Whenever <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> is edited, remember to execute the following
- command to update the capability database:</para>
+ <para>To override this setting when creating a user, either
+ input the required locale at this prompt:</para>
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</userinput></screen>
+ <screen><prompt>Enter login class: default []:</prompt></screen>
- <sect4>
- <title>Utilities Which Change Login Classes</title>
-
- <indexterm>
- <primary><command>vipw</command></primary>
- </indexterm>
-
- <para>In addition to manually editing
- <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename>, several utilities
- are available for setting the locale for newly created
- users.</para>
-
- <para>When using <command>vipw</command> to add new users,
- specify the <replaceable>language</replaceable> to set the
- locale:</para>
-
- <programlisting>user:password:1111:11:<replaceable>language</replaceable>:0:0:User Name:/home/user:/bin/sh</programlisting>
-
- <indexterm>
- <primary><command>adduser</command></primary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
- <para>When using <command>adduser</command> to add new
- users, the default language can be pre-configured for
- all new users or specified for an individual user.</para>
-
- <para>If all new users use the same language, set
- <literal>defaultclass =
- language</literal> in
- <filename>/etc/adduser.conf</filename>.</para>
-
- <para>To override this setting when creating a
- user, either input the required locale at
- this prompt:</para>
-
- <screen><prompt>Enter login class: default []:</prompt></screen>
-
- <para>or specify the locale to set when invoking
- <command>adduser</command>:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>adduser -class language</userinput></screen>
-
- <indexterm>
- <primary><command>pw</command></primary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>If <command>pw</command> is used to add new users, specify the
- locale as follows:</para>
+ <para>or specify the locale to set when invoking
+ <command>adduser</command>:</para>
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw useradd user_name -L language</userinput></screen>
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>adduser -class language</userinput></screen>
+
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary><command>pw</command></primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>If <command>pw</command> is used to add new users,
+ specify the locale as follows:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw useradd user_name -L language</userinput></screen>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="startup-file">
<title>Shell Startup File Method</title>
- <para>This method is not recommended as each shell that is used requires
- manual configuration, where each shell has a different configuration file
- and differing syntax. As an example, to set the German
- language for the <command>sh</command> shell, these
- lines could be added to <filename>~/.profile</filename> to set the shell for that user only.
- Thse lines could also be added to <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
- <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename> to set that shell for all users:</para>
+ <para>This method is not recommended as each shell that is
+ used requires manual configuration, where each shell has a
+ different configuration file and differing syntax. As an
+ example, to set the German language for the
+ <command>sh</command> shell, these lines could be added to
+ <filename>~/.profile</filename> to set the shell for that
+ user only. Thse lines could also be added to
+ <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
+ <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename> to set
+ that shell for all users:</para>
<programlisting><envar>LANG=de_DE.ISO8859-1; export LANG</envar>
<envar>MM_CHARSET=ISO-8859-1; export MM_CHARSET</envar></programlisting>
- <para>However, the name of the configuration file and the
- syntax used differs for the
- <command>csh</command> shell. These are the equivalent
- settings for <filename>~/.csh.login</filename>,
- <filename>/etc/csh.login</filename>, or
- <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.login</filename>:</para>
+ <para>However, the name of the configuration file and the
+ syntax used differs for the <command>csh</command> shell.
+ These are the equivalent settings for
+ <filename>~/.csh.login</filename>,
+ <filename>/etc/csh.login</filename>, or
+ <filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.login</filename>:</para>
<programlisting><envar>setenv LANG de_DE.ISO8859-1</envar>
<envar>setenv MM_CHARSET ISO-8859-1</envar></programlisting>
@@ -604,45 +607,40 @@ keychange="<replaceable>fkey_number sequ
<sect1 xml:id="l10n-compiling">
<title>Compiling <acronym>i18n</acronym> Programs</title>
- <para>The &os;
- <link xlink:href="&url.base;/ports/index.html">&os; Ports
- Collection</link> contains programs which provide
- application support for wide or multibyte characters for several languages.
- Refer to the <acronym>i18n</acronym> documentation in the
- respective &os; port
- for more information on how to configure the application correctly or to
- determine which compile options to use when building the
- port.</para>
-
- <para>Some things to keep in mind are:</para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Language specific single C chars character sets
- such as ISO8859-1, ISO8859-15, KOI8-R, and CP437. These
- are described in &man.multibyte.3;.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Wide or multibyte encodings such as EUC and
- Big5.</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>The active list of character sets can be found at the
- <link
- xlink:href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
- Registry</link>.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>&os; uses Xorg-compatible locale encodings
- instead.</para>
- </note>
-
- <para>In the &os; Ports Collection, <acronym>i18n</acronym>
- applications include <literal>i18n</literal> in their names
- for easy identification. However, they do not always support
- the language needed.</para>
+ <para>The &os; <link xlink:href="&url.base;/ports/index.html">&os;
+ Ports Collection</link> contains programs which provide
+ application support for wide or multibyte characters for several
+ languages. Refer to the <acronym>i18n</acronym> documentation
+ in the respective &os; port for more information on how to
+ configure the application correctly or to determine which
+ compile options to use when building the port.</para>
+
+ <para>Some things to keep in mind are:</para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Language specific single C chars character sets such as
+ ISO8859-1, ISO8859-15, KOI8-R, and CP437. These are
+ described in &man.multibyte.3;.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Wide or multibyte encodings such as EUC and Big5.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The active list of character sets can be found at the <link
+ xlink:href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+ Registry</link>.</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>&os; uses Xorg-compatible locale encodings instead.</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>In the &os; Ports Collection, <acronym>i18n</acronym>
+ applications include <literal>i18n</literal> in their names for
+ easy identification. However, they do not always support the
+ language needed.</para>
<para>Many applications in the &os; Ports Collection have been
ported with <acronym>i18n</acronym> support. Some of these
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