svn commit: r41582 - projects/ISBN_1-57176-407-0/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Thu May 9 20:51:47 UTC 2013
Author: dru
Date: Thu May 9 20:51:46 2013
New Revision: 41582
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/41582
Log:
White space fix only. Translators can ignore.
Approved by: bcr (mentor)
Modified:
projects/ISBN_1-57176-407-0/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
Modified: projects/ISBN_1-57176-407-0/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- projects/ISBN_1-57176-407-0/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml Thu May 9 18:37:36 2013 (r41581)
+++ projects/ISBN_1-57176-407-0/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml Thu May 9 20:51:46 2013 (r41582)
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
</indexterm>
<listitem>
<para>An account with an Internet Service Provider
- (<acronym>ISP</acronym>) for connecting using
+ (<acronym>ISP</acronym>) for connecting using
<acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
@@ -166,16 +166,14 @@
</indexterm>
<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of one or more
- name servers.
- Normally, the <acronym>ISP</acronym> will provide the
- addresses for two
+ name servers. Normally, the <acronym>ISP</acronym>
+ will provide the addresses for two
<acronym>DNS</acronym> servers. If it has not,
include <command>enable dns</command> in
- <filename>ppp.conf</filename> and
- &man.ppp.8; will set the name servers. This
- feature requires the <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s
- <acronym>PPP</acronym> implementation to support DNS
- negotiation.</para>
+ <filename>ppp.conf</filename> and &man.ppp.8; will set
+ the name servers. This feature requires the
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s <acronym>PPP</acronym>
+ implementation to support DNS negotiation.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@@ -186,17 +184,15 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the
- <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s
- gateway. The gateway is the machine to connect to
- and will be set up as the <emphasis>default
- route</emphasis>. When in doubt, make one up and the
- <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s <acronym>PPP</acronym> server
- will set the correct value during connection
- setup.</para>
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s gateway. The gateway is the
+ machine to connect to and will be set up as the
+ <emphasis>default route</emphasis>. When in doubt,
+ make one up and the <acronym>ISP</acronym>'s
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> server will set the correct
+ value during connection setup.</para>
<para>This <acronym>IP</acronym> number is referred to as
- <literal>HISADDR</literal> by
- &man.ppp.8;.</para>
+ <literal>HISADDR</literal> by &man.ppp.8;.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -211,9 +207,9 @@
</indexterm>
<para>If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> provides a static
- <acronym>IP</acronym>
- address and hostname, enter it. Otherwise, let the peer
- assign the <acronym>IP</acronym> address.</para>
+ <acronym>IP</acronym> address and hostname, enter it.
+ Otherwise, let the peer assign the <acronym>IP</acronym>
+ address.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@@ -242,15 +238,13 @@
<para>Several files located in <filename
class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename> are used to
- configure &man.ppp.8;.
- Examples can be found in <filename
+ configure &man.ppp.8;. Examples can be found in <filename
class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
- <para>Configuring &man.ppp.8; requires a number of
- files to be edited, depending on the requirements and
- whether the <acronym>ISP</acronym> allocates
- <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses
- statically or dynamically.</para>
+ <para>Configuring &man.ppp.8; requires a number of files to
+ be edited, depending on the requirements and whether the
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym> allocates <acronym>IP</acronym>
+ addresses statically or dynamically.</para>
<sect4 id="userppp-staticIP">
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> and Static
@@ -297,9 +291,8 @@
<listitem>
<para>Identifies the default entry. Commands in this
- entry are executed automatically when
- &man.ppp.8; is
- run.</para>
+ entry are executed automatically when &man.ppp.8;
+ is run.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -337,9 +330,7 @@
<para>Identifies the device to which the modem is
connected. <devicename>COM1</devicename> is
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau0</filename>
- and
- <devicename>COM2</devicename> is
- <filename
+ and <devicename>COM2</devicename> is <filename
class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -451,9 +442,9 @@
values are referred to by the <command>set
login</command> command using the \U and \P
variables. When connecting using
- <acronym>PAP</acronym>
- or <acronym>CHAP</acronym>, these
- values are used at authentication time.</para>
+ <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
+ <acronym>CHAP</acronym>, these values are used at
+ authentication time.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -464,8 +455,7 @@
<indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>
<para>When using <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
- <acronym>CHAP</acronym>,
- there will be no login
+ <acronym>CHAP</acronym>, there will be no login
and this line should be commented out or removed.
See <xref linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP"/> for further
details.</para>
@@ -511,19 +501,17 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<para>Sets the interface addresses. The string
<replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> should be
replaced by the <acronym>IP</acronym> address the
- provider has
- allocated. The string
+ provider has allocated. The string
<replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> should be
replaced by the <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the
<acronym>ISP</acronym>'s gateway. If the ISP has
not provided a gateway address, use <hostid
- role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. When using a
+ role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. When using a
<quote>guessed</quote> address, make sure to create
an entry in
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename> as per the
instructions in <xref linkend="userppp-dynamicIP"/>.
- If this line is
- omitted, &man.ppp.8; cannot run in
+ If this line is omitted, &man.ppp.8; cannot run in
<option>-auto</option> mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -551,7 +539,7 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename> when using a static
<acronym>IP</acronym> address with &man.ppp.8; in
<option>-auto</option> mode as the routing table entries
- are already correct before a connection is established.
+ are already correct before a connection is established.
However, an entry can be created to invoke programs after
connection. This is explained later with the sendmail
example.</para>
@@ -577,18 +565,16 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
</indexterm>
<para>If the service provider does not assign static
- <acronym>IP</acronym>
- addresses, &man.ppp.8; can be configured to
- negotiate the local and remote addresses. This is done by
- <quote>guessing</quote> an <acronym>IP</acronym> address
- and allowing
- &man.ppp.8; to set it up correctly using the
+ <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses, &man.ppp.8; can be
+ configured to negotiate the local and remote addresses.
+ This is done by <quote>guessing</quote> an
+ <acronym>IP</acronym> address and allowing &man.ppp.8;
+ to set it up correctly using the
<acronym>IP</acronym>
Configuration Protocol (<acronym>IPCP</acronym>) after
- connecting. The
- <filename>ppp.conf</filename> configuration is the same as
- that described in <xref linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>, with
- the following
+ connecting. The <filename>ppp.conf</filename>
+ configuration is the same as that described in <xref
+ linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>, with the following
change:</para>
<programlisting>17 set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0</programlisting>
@@ -606,8 +592,7 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
character is the number of bits of the address that
&man.ppp.8; will insist on. These
<acronym>IP</acronym> numbers can be replaced, but
- the above example
- will always work.</para>
+ the above example will always work.</para>
<para>The last argument (<literal>0.0.0.0</literal>)
tells <acronym>PPP</acronym> to start negotiations
@@ -626,10 +611,9 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
create an entry in
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>.
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename> is used after a connection
- has been established. At this point,
- &man.ppp.8; will have assigned the interface
- addresses and it will now be possible to add the routing
- table entries:</para>
+ has been established. At this point, &man.ppp.8; will
+ have assigned the interface addresses and it will now be
+ possible to add the routing table entries:</para>
<programlisting>1 provider:
2 add default HISADDR</programlisting>
@@ -639,15 +623,15 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<term>Line 1:</term>
<listitem>
- <para>On establishing a connection,
- &man.ppp.8; will look for an entry in
- <filename>ppp.linkup</filename> according to the
- following rules. First, try to match the same label
- used in <filename>ppp.conf</filename>. If
- that fails, look for an entry for the four-octet
- <acronym>IP</acronym> address of
- the gateway. If an entry is still not found, look
- for the <literal>MYADDR</literal> entry.</para>
+ <para>On establishing a connection, &man.ppp.8; will
+ look for an entry in <filename>ppp.linkup</filename>
+ according to the following rules. First, try to
+ match the same label used in
+ <filename>ppp.conf</filename>. If that fails, look
+ for an entry for the four-octet
+ <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the gateway. If
+ an entry is still not found, look for the
+ <literal>MYADDR</literal> entry.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -655,13 +639,11 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<term>Line 2:</term>
<listitem>
- <para>This line tells &man.ppp.8; to add a
- default route that points to
- <literal>HISADDR</literal>.
+ <para>This line tells &man.ppp.8; to add a default
+ route that points to <literal>HISADDR</literal>.
<literal>HISADDR</literal> will be replaced with the
<acronym>IP</acronym> number of the gateway as
- negotiated by
- <acronym>IPCP</acronym>.</para>
+ negotiated by <acronym>IPCP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
@@ -681,14 +663,12 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<secondary>receiving incoming calls</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>When configuring &man.ppp.8; to receive
- incoming calls on a machine connected to a
- <acronym>LAN</acronym>, decide if
- packets should be forwarded to the local network.
- If so, allocate
+ <para>When configuring &man.ppp.8; to receive incoming
+ calls on a machine connected to a
+ <acronym>LAN</acronym>, decide if packets should be
+ forwarded to the local network. If so, allocate
the peer an <acronym>IP</acronym> number from the local
- subnet and use
- <command>enable proxy</command> in
+ subnet and use <command>enable proxy</command> in
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>. Also, confirm
that <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> contains the
following:</para>
@@ -704,36 +684,32 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<para>An alternative to &man.getty.8; is <ulink
url="http://mgetty.greenie.net/">mgetty</ulink>, a
- smarter version of &man.getty.8;
- designed with dialup lines in mind. It can be installed
- from the <filename
+ smarter version of &man.getty.8; designed with dialup
+ lines in mind. It can be installed from the <filename
role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename> package
or port.</para>
- <para>The advantages of using &man.getty.8; is
- that it actively <emphasis>talks</emphasis> to modems.
- If the port is turned off in
+ <para>The advantages of using &man.getty.8; is that it
+ actively <emphasis>talks</emphasis> to modems. If the
+ port is turned off in
<filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, the modem will not answer
the phone.</para>
- <para>The &os; version of &man.getty.8;
- supports the automatic detection of
- <acronym>PPP</acronym> streams, allowing clients
- scriptless access to the server.</para>
-
- <para>Refer to <xref linkend="userppp-mgetty"/>
- for more information on
- &man.getty.8;.</para>
+ <para>The &os; version of &man.getty.8; supports the
+ automatic detection of <acronym>PPP</acronym> streams,
+ allowing clients scriptless access to the server.</para>
+
+ <para>Refer to <xref linkend="userppp-mgetty"/> for more
+ information on &man.getty.8;.</para>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Permissions</title>
- <para>Typically, &man.ppp.8; is
- run as the <username>root</username> user. To give a
- user permission to run &man.ppp.8; in server
- mode, add their user account to the
- <groupname>network</groupname> group in
+ <para>Typically, &man.ppp.8; is run as the
+ <username>root</username> user. To give a user permission
+ to run &man.ppp.8; in server mode, add their user account
+ to the <groupname>network</groupname> group in
<filename>/etc/group</filename>.</para>
<para>Then, give the account access to one or more sections
@@ -749,8 +725,7 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<sect4>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for
- Dynamic-<acronym>IP</acronym>
- Users</title>
+ Dynamic-<acronym>IP</acronym> Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
@@ -803,8 +778,7 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</progr
<sect4>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for
- Static-<acronym>IP</acronym>
- Users</title>
+ Static-<acronym>IP</acronym> Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
@@ -858,8 +832,8 @@ ttyu1:
<filename>/etc/ttys</filename> create an entry similar
to the one for <literal>ttyu0:</literal> above. Each
line should get a unique <acronym>IP</acronym> address
- from the pool of
- <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses for dynamic users.</para>
+ from the pool of <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses for
+ dynamic users.</para>
</sect4>
<sect4>
@@ -883,10 +857,9 @@ mary:
<para>The file <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>
should also contain routing information for each static
<acronym>IP</acronym> user if required. The line below
- would add a route
- for the <hostid role="ipaddr">203.14.101.0/24</hostid>
- network via the client's <acronym>PPP</acronym>
- link.</para>
+ would add a route for the <hostid
+ role="ipaddr">203.14.101.0/24</hostid> network via
+ the client's <acronym>PPP</acronym> link.</para>
<programlisting>fred:
add 203.14.101.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 HISADDR
@@ -916,13 +889,12 @@ mary:
<para>By default the <filename
role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename> port
comes with the <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal> option enabled
- allowing &man.getty.8; to detect the LCP
- phase of <acronym>PPP</acronym> connections and
- automatically spawn off a &man.ppp.8; shell.
- However, since the default login/password sequence does
- not occur it is necessary to authenticate users using
- either <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
- <acronym>CHAP</acronym>.</para>
+ allowing &man.getty.8; to detect the LCP phase of
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> connections and automatically
+ spawn off a &man.ppp.8; shell. However, since the default
+ login/password sequence does not occur it is necessary
+ to authenticate users using either <acronym>PAP</acronym>
+ or <acronym>CHAP</acronym>.</para>
<para>This section assumes the user has successfully
compiled, and installed the <filename
@@ -965,9 +937,9 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</pr
<programlisting>enable passwdauth</programlisting>
<para>To assign some users a static <acronym>IP</acronym>,
- specify the <acronym>IP</acronym>
- address as the third argument in
- <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.secret</filename>. See
+ specify the <acronym>IP</acronym> address as the third
+ argument in <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.secret</filename>.
+ See
<filename>/usr/share/examples/ppp/ppp.secret.sample</filename>
for examples.</para>
</sect4>
@@ -1027,18 +999,15 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<para>Some <acronym>ISP</acronym>s set their system up so
that the authentication part of the connection is done
using either the <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
- <acronym>CHAP</acronym>
- authentication mechanism. If
+ <acronym>CHAP</acronym> authentication mechanism. If
this is the case, the <acronym>ISP</acronym> will not give
a <prompt>login:</prompt> during connection, but will
start talking <acronym>PPP</acronym>
immediately.</para>
<para>While <acronym>PAP</acronym> is less secure than
- <acronym>CHAP</acronym>,
- security is not
- normally an issue as the clear text passwords are
- transmitted down a
+ <acronym>CHAP</acronym>, security is not normally an
+ issue as the clear text passwords are transmitted down a
serial line only. There is not much room for crackers
to <quote>eavesdrop</quote>.</para>
@@ -1057,8 +1026,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<listitem>
<para>This line specifies the
- <acronym>PAP/CHAP</acronym> user name.
- Insert the correct value for
+ <acronym>PAP/CHAP</acronym> user name. Insert the
+ correct value for
<replaceable>MyUserName</replaceable>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -1069,9 +1038,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<indexterm><primary>password</primary></indexterm>
<para>This line specifies the
- <acronym>PAP/CHAP</acronym>
- password.
- Insert the correct value for
+ <acronym>PAP/CHAP</acronym> password. Insert the
+ correct value for
<replaceable>MyPassword</replaceable>. An
additional line can be added, such as:</para>
@@ -1083,9 +1051,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<para>to make it obvious that this is the intention,
but <acronym>PAP</acronym> and
- <acronym>CHAP</acronym>
- are both accepted
- by
+ <acronym>CHAP</acronym> are both accepted by
default.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -1098,8 +1064,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
require a login into the server when using
<acronym>PAP</acronym> or
<acronym>CHAP</acronym>. Therefore, disable the
- <quote>set
- login</quote> string.</para>
+ <quote>set login</quote> string.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
@@ -1109,10 +1074,10 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<title>Changing the &man.ppp.8; Configuration
on the Fly</title>
- <para>It is possible to talk to &man.ppp.8;
- while it is running in the background, but only
- if a suitable diagnostic port has been set up. To do
- this, add the following line to the configuration:</para>
+ <para>It is possible to talk to &man.ppp.8; while it is
+ running in the background, but only if a suitable
+ diagnostic port has been set up. To do this, add the
+ following line to the configuration:</para>
<programlisting>set server /var/run/ppp-tun<replaceable>%d</replaceable> DiagnosticPassword 0177</programlisting>
@@ -1169,8 +1134,8 @@ nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:http http</program
<primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>Now that &man.ppp.8; is configured, there are
- a few more things to edit in
+ <para>Now that &man.ppp.8; is configured, there are a few
+ more things to edit in
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>
<para>Working from the top down in this file, make sure the
@@ -1179,9 +1144,8 @@ nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:http http</program
<programlisting>hostname="foo.example.com"</programlisting>
<para>If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has supplied a static
- <acronym>IP</acronym>
- address and name, it is recommended to use this name as the
- host name.</para>
+ <acronym>IP</acronym> address and name, it is recommended
+ to use this name as the host name.</para>
<para>Look for the <literal>network_interfaces</literal>
variable. To configure the system to dial the
@@ -1218,31 +1182,30 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<primary><application>routed</application></primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>It is important that the &man.routed.8;
- daemon is not started, as &man.routed.8; tends
- to delete the default routing table entries created by
- &man.ppp.8;.</para>
+ <para>It is important that the &man.routed.8; daemon is not
+ started, as &man.routed.8; tends to delete the default
+ routing table entries created by &man.ppp.8;.</para>
<para>It is probably a good idea to ensure that the
<literal>sendmail_flags</literal> line does not include
- <option>-q</option>; otherwise,
- &man.sendmail.8; will attempt to do a network
- lookup every now and then, possibly causing the machine
- to dial out. Try this command instead:</para>
+ <option>-q</option>; otherwise, &man.sendmail.8; will
+ attempt to do a network lookup every now and then, possibly
+ causing the machine to dial out. Try this command
+ instead:</para>
<programlisting>sendmail_flags="-bd"</programlisting>
<indexterm>
<primary><application>Sendmail</application></primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>The downside is that &man.sendmail.8; must be
- forced to re-examine the mail queue whenever the
+ <para>The downside is that &man.sendmail.8; must be forced
+ to re-examine the mail queue whenever the
<acronym>PPP</acronym> link is up by typing:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>/usr/sbin/sendmail -q</userinput></screen>
- <para>To automatically use <command>!bg</command>
- in <filename>ppp.linkup</filename>:</para>
+ <para>To automatically use <command>!bg</command> in
+ <filename>ppp.linkup</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>1 provider:
2 delete ALL
@@ -1264,8 +1227,8 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<para>and then <command>dial provider</command> to start the
<acronym>PPP</acronym> session, or, to configure
- &man.ppp.8; to establish sessions automatically
- when there is outbound traffic and there is no existing
+ &man.ppp.8; to establish sessions automatically when there
+ is outbound traffic and there is no existing
<filename>start_if.tun0</filename> script, type:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp -auto provider</userinput></screen>
@@ -1324,8 +1287,7 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
- <para>Ensure that the
- <filename
+ <para>Ensure that the <filename
class="devicefile">tun<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
device file is available in the <filename
class="directory">/dev</filename> directory.</para>
@@ -1384,12 +1346,11 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
using <acronym>PPP</acronym> over a modem connection. Some
<acronym>ISP</acronym>s present the
<literal>ssword</literal> prompt, and others will present
- <literal>password</literal>; if the &man.ppp.8;
- script is not written accordingly, the login attempt will
- fail. The most common way to debug &man.ppp.8;
- connections is by connecting manually. The following
- information walks through a manual connection step by
- step.</para>
+ <literal>password</literal>; if the &man.ppp.8; script is not
+ written accordingly, the login attempt will fail. The most
+ common way to debug &man.ppp.8; connections is by connecting
+ manually. The following information walks through a manual
+ connection step by step.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Check the Device Nodes</title>
@@ -1401,9 +1362,8 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<para>The <devicename>uart</devicename> device is already
included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel, so no
- additional steps are necessary in this case. Just
- check the &man.dmesg.8; output for the modem
- device with:</para>
+ additional steps are necessary in this case. Just check the
+ &man.dmesg.8; output for the modem device with:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dmesg | grep uart</userinput></screen>
@@ -1420,19 +1380,18 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<title>Connecting Manually</title>
<para>Connecting to the Internet by manually controlling
- &man.ppp.8; is quick, easy, and a great way to
- debug a connection or just get information on how the
+ &man.ppp.8; is quick, easy, and a great way to debug a
+ connection or just get information on how the
<acronym>ISP</acronym> treats &man.ppp.8; client
connections. The following examples use
<emphasis>example</emphasis> as the hostname of the
- machine running &man.ppp.8;. To start
- &man.ppp.8;:</para>
+ machine running &man.ppp.8;. To start &man.ppp.8;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>
<para>This sets the modem device to
<devicename>cuau1</devicename>:</para>
-
+
<screen>ppp ON example> <userinput>set device <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename></userinput></screen>
<para>This sets the connection speed to 115,200
@@ -1440,16 +1399,15 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<screen>ppp ON example> <userinput>set speed 115200</userinput></screen>
- <para>This tells &man.ppp.8; to configure the
- resolver and add the nameserver lines to
- <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>. If
- &man.ppp.8; cannot determine the hostname, it can
- manually be set later.</para>
+ <para>This tells &man.ppp.8; to configure the resolver and add
+ the nameserver lines to
+ <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>. If &man.ppp.8; cannot
+ determine the hostname, it can manually be set later.</para>
<screen>ppp ON example> <userinput>enable dns</userinput></screen>
- <para>Switch to <quote>terminal</quote> mode to
- manually control the modem.</para>
+ <para>Switch to <quote>terminal</quote> mode to manually
+ control the modem.</para>
<screen>ppp ON example> <userinput>term</userinput></screen>
@@ -1460,16 +1418,15 @@ type '~h' for help</programlisting>
OK
<userinput>atdt<replaceable>123456789</replaceable></userinput></screen>
- <para>Use &man.at.1; to initialize the modem,
- then type <command>atdt</command> and the number for the
+ <para>Use &man.at.1; to initialize the modem, then type
+ <command>atdt</command> and the number for the
<acronym>ISP</acronym> to begin the dial in process.</para>
<screen>CONNECT</screen>
<para>This message confirms the connection. If there are
any connection problems, unrelated to hardware, this is the
- time to
- attempt to resolve them.</para>
+ time to attempt to resolve them.</para>
<screen>ISP Login:<userinput>myusername</userinput></screen>
@@ -1479,25 +1436,23 @@ OK
<screen>ISP Pass:<userinput>mypassword</userinput></screen>
- <para>At this password prompt,
- enter the password that was provided by the
- <acronym>ISP</acronym>. Just like logging into
- &os;, the password will not echo.</para>
+ <para>At this password prompt, enter the password that was
+ provided by the <acronym>ISP</acronym>. Just like logging
+ into &os;, the password will not echo.</para>
<screen>Shell or PPP:<userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>
<para>Depending on the <acronym>ISP</acronym>, this prompt
may never appear. If it does, it provides a choice to
- use a shell on the provider or to start
- &man.ppp.8;. This example chooses
- to use &man.ppp.8; in order to create an Internet
- connection.</para>
+ use a shell on the provider or to start &man.ppp.8;. This
+ example chooses to use &man.ppp.8; in order to create an
+ Internet connection.</para>
<screen>Ppp ON example></screen>
- <para>In this example, the first <option>p</option>
- has been capitalized. This indicates a successful
- connection to the <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
+ <para>In this example, the first <option>p</option> has been
+ capitalized. This indicates a successful connection to the
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
<screen>PPp ON example></screen>
@@ -1508,15 +1463,14 @@ OK
<screen>PPP ON example></screen>
- <para>This indicates an <acronym>IP</acronym>
- address has been assigned and the
- connection has successfully completed.</para>
+ <para>This indicates an <acronym>IP</acronym> address has been
+ assigned and the connection has successfully completed.</para>
<screen>PPP ON example><userinput>add default HISADDR</userinput></screen>
<para>This adds a default route which is needed for successful
- communication. Until this is added, the only
- established connection is with the peer. If this fails due to
+ communication. Until this is added, the only established
+ connection is with the peer. If this fails due to
existing routes, put a bang character
(<literal>!</literal>) in front of the <option>add</option>.
Alternatively, set this before making the actual connection
@@ -1529,8 +1483,8 @@ OK
<keycap>z</keycap></keycombo>. If
<literal>PPP</literal> instead returns to
<literal>ppp</literal>, the connection has been lost. An
- uppercase <literal>P</literal> indicates a
- connection to the <acronym>ISP</acronym> and a lowercase
+ uppercase <literal>P</literal> indicates a connection to the
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym> and a lowercase
<literal>p</literal> indicates that the connection has been
lost. &man.ppp.8; only has these 2 states.</para>
@@ -1541,12 +1495,12 @@ OK
turn hardware flow <acronym>CTS/RTS</acronym> to off with
<option>set ctsrts off</option>. This can occur when
connected to some <acronym>PPP</acronym> capable
- terminal servers as &man.ppp.8; hangs
- when it tries to write data to the communication link and
- then waits for a Clear To Send (<acronym>CTS</acronym>)
- signal which may never come. When using this option,
- include <option>set accmap</option>, which may be required
- to defeat hardware which is dependent on passing certain
+ terminal servers as &man.ppp.8; hangs when it tries to
+ write data to the communication link and then waits for a
+ Clear To Send (<acronym>CTS</acronym>) signal which may
+ never come. When using this option, include
+ <option>set accmap</option>, which may be required to
+ defeat hardware which is dependent on passing certain
characters from end to end, such as XON/XOFF. See
&man.ppp.8; for more information on how this option is
used.</para>
@@ -1558,20 +1512,19 @@ OK
<acronym>ISP</acronym>s. This option may be needed for
the Compuserve <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
- <para>&man.ppp.8; may not return to the
- command mode, which is usually a negotiation error where
- the <acronym>ISP</acronym> is waiting for your side to start
+ <para>&man.ppp.8; may not return to the command mode, which
+ is usually a negotiation error where the
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym> is waiting for your side to start
negotiating. At this point, using <command>~p</command>
- will force &man.ppp.8; to start
- sending the configuration information.</para>
+ will force &man.ppp.8; to start sending the configuration
+ information.</para>
<para>If a login prompt never appears, try using
<acronym>PAP</acronym> or <acronym>CHAP</acronym>
authentication instead of the &unix; style in the example
above. To use <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
<acronym>CHAP</acronym>, add the following options to
- &man.ppp.8; before going into terminal
- mode:</para>
+ &man.ppp.8; before going into terminal mode:</para>
<screen>ppp ON example> <userinput>set authname <replaceable>myusername</replaceable></userinput></screen>
@@ -1605,8 +1558,8 @@ nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replace
the <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the
<acronym>ISP</acronym>'s DNS servers.</para>
- <para>To configure &man.syslog.3; to log
- &man.ppp.8; connections, add:</para>
+ <para>To configure &man.syslog.3; to log &man.ppp.8;
+ connections, add:</para>
<programlisting>!ppp
*.* /var/log/ppp.log</programlisting>
@@ -1726,34 +1679,33 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
<acronym>PPPoE</acronym> configuration entry in
<filename>ppp.conf</filename> as the provider part of
<command>set device</command>, as described in &man.ppp.8;.
- It should look like
- this:</para>
+ It should look like this:</para>
<programlisting>set device PPPoE:<replaceable>xl1</replaceable>:<replaceable>ISP</replaceable></programlisting>
<para>Do not forget to change <replaceable>xl1</replaceable>
to the proper device for the Ethernet card.</para>
+
<para>Do not forget to change <replaceable>ISP</replaceable>
to the profile found above.</para>
<para>For additional information, see <ulink
- url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Cheaper
- Broadband with &os; on
- <acronym>DSL</acronym></ulink>.</para>
+ url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Cheaper
+ Broadband with &os; on
+ <acronym>DSL</acronym></ulink>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="ppp-3com">
<title><acronym>PPPoE</acronym> with a &tm.3com;
<trademark class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark>
- <acronym>ADSL</acronym>
- Modem Dual Link</title>
+ <acronym>ADSL</acronym> Modem Dual Link</title>
<para>This modem does not follow <ulink
url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC
2516</ulink>.
- Instead, different packet type codes have been
- used for the Ethernet frames. Please complain to <ulink
+ Instead, different packet type codes have been used for the
+ Ethernet frames. Please complain to <ulink
url="http://www.3com.com/">3Com</ulink> if you think it
should comply with the <acronym>PPPoE</acronym>
specification.</para>
@@ -1773,8 +1725,7 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
it is not possible to talk to a normal
<acronym>PPPoE</acronym> client or server and a &tm.3com;
<trademark class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark>
- <acronym>ADSL</acronym>
- modem at the same time.</para>
+ <acronym>ADSL</acronym> modem at the same time.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
@@ -1807,9 +1758,9 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
properly. It is possible to automate this process in &os;
so that this transfer takes place whenever the device is
plugged into a USB port. The following information can be
- added to <filename>/etc/usbd.conf</filename> to
- enable this automatic firmware transfer. This file must be
- edited as the <username>root</username> user.</para>
+ added to <filename>/etc/usbd.conf</filename> to enable this
+ automatic firmware transfer. This file must be edited as
+ the <username>root</username> user.</para>
<programlisting>device "Alcatel SpeedTouch USB"
devname "ugen[0-9]+"
@@ -1823,9 +1774,8 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
<programlisting>usbd_enable="YES"</programlisting>
- <para>It is also possible to set up
- &man.ppp.8; to dial up at startup. To do
- this add the following lines to
+ <para>It is also possible to set up &man.ppp.8; to dial up at
+ startup. To do this add the following lines to
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>ppp_enable="YES"
@@ -1843,19 +1793,14 @@ ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>
<para><application>mpd</application> can be used to connect to a
variety of services, in particular <acronym>passwd</acronym>
- services.
- <application>mpd</application> can be installed from the
- <filename role="package">net/mpd5</filename> package or port.
- Many
- <acronym>ADSL</acronym> modems require a
- <acronym>PPTP</acronym> tunnel between the
- modem and computer. One such modem is the Alcatel
- &speedtouch;
- Home.</para>
+ services. <application>mpd</application> can be installed
+ from the <filename role="package">net/mpd5</filename> package
+ or port. Many <acronym>ADSL</acronym> modems require a
+ <acronym>PPTP</acronym> tunnel between the modem and computer.
+ One such modem is the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home.</para>
<para>The installation of the port places a set of well
- commented, sample
- configuration files in <filename
+ commented, sample configuration files in <filename
class="directory">/usr/local/etc/mpd5/</filename>. Copy
<filename>mpd.conf.sample</filename>, removing the
<literal>.sample</literal> extension, and edit it to suit the
@@ -1863,8 +1808,7 @@ ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>
guide in HTML format is installed to <filename
class="directory">/usr/local/share/doc/mpd5/</filename>.</para>
- <para>After saving the edits,
- initialize the connection as
+ <para>After saving the edits, initialize the connection as
<username>root</username>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>service mpd5 start</userinput></screen>
@@ -1909,8 +1853,7 @@ ng0: flags=88d1<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNIN
<calloutlist>
<callout arearefs="co-pptp-ex-user">
<para>The username of the account with the
- <acronym>DSL</acronym>
- provider.</para>
+ <acronym>DSL</acronym> provider.</para>
</callout>
<callout arearefs="co-pptp-ex-pass">
@@ -1932,15 +1875,14 @@ ng0: flags=88d1<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNIN
<para>This will open a tunnel for a <acronym>PPP</acronym>
session to the <acronym>DSL</acronym> router. Ethernet
- <acronym>DSL</acronym> modems have a
- preconfigured <acronym>LAN</acronym> <acronym>IP</acronym>
- address to connect to.
- In the case of
- the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home, this address is <hostid
- role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>. The router
- documentation should indicate which address the device
- uses. To open the tunnel and start a <acronym>PPP</acronym>
- session execute the following command:</para>
+ <acronym>DSL</acronym> modems have a preconfigured
+ <acronym>LAN</acronym> <acronym>IP</acronym> address to
+ connect to. In the case of the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home,
+ this address is <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>.
+ The router documentation should indicate which address the
+ device uses. To open the tunnel and start a
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> session execute the following
+ command:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pptp <replaceable>address</replaceable> <replaceable>adsl</replaceable></userinput></screen>
@@ -1953,10 +1895,10 @@ ng0: flags=88d1<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNIN
<para>A <devicename>tun</devicename> virtual tunnel device
will be created for interaction between the
- <application>pptp</application> and
- &man.ppp.8; processes. Once the prompt is
- returned, or the <application>pptp</application> process has
- confirmed a connection, examine the tunnel:</para>
+ <application>pptp</application> and &man.ppp.8; processes.
+ Once the prompt is returned, or the
+ <application>pptp</application> process has confirmed a
+ connection, examine the tunnel:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>ifconfig <replaceable>tun0</replaceable></userinput>
tun0: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
@@ -1964,10 +1906,10 @@ tun0: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNI
Opened by PID 918</screen>
<para>If unable to connect, check the router configuration,
- which is usually accessible via
- &man.telnet.1; or a web browser. Examine
- the output of <command>pptp</command> and the contents of
- <filename>/var/log/ppp.log</filename> for clues.</para>
+ which is usually accessible via &man.telnet.1; or a web
+ browser. Examine the output of <command>pptp</command> and
+ the contents of <filename>/var/log/ppp.log</filename> for
+ clues.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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