svn commit: r43030 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/basics
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Wed Oct 23 17:29:50 UTC 2013
Author: dru
Date: Wed Oct 23 17:29:49 2013
New Revision: 43030
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/43030
Log:
Added some clarifications and Table headings to sections 4.3 to 4.3.2.5.
The pw section should have at least one example.
The limiting users section needs to be moved elsewhere.
To be followed by a whitespace fix.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/basics/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/basics/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/basics/chapter.xml Wed Oct 23 16:55:20 2013 (r43029)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/basics/chapter.xml Wed Oct 23 17:29:49 2013 (r43030)
@@ -620,10 +620,14 @@ Password:
</indexterm>
<para>&os; provides a variety of different commands to manage
- user accounts. The most common commands are summarized below,
- followed by more detailed examples of their usage.</para>
+ user accounts. The most common commands are summarized in Table 4.1,
+ followed by some examples of their usage. Refer to the manual
+ page for each utility for more details and usage
+ examples.</para>
+
+ <table frame="none" pgwide="1">
+ <title>Utilities for Managing User Accounts</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="2*"/>
@@ -655,7 +659,7 @@ Password:
<row>
<entry>&man.passwd.1;</entry>
- <entry>The simple command-line tool to change user
+ <entry>The command-line tool to change user
passwords.</entry>
</row>
@@ -666,7 +670,7 @@ Password:
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
- </informaltable>
+ </table>
<sect3 id="users-adduser">
<title><command>adduser</command></title>
@@ -683,14 +687,25 @@ Password:
class="directory">/usr/share/skel</filename></primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>skeleton directory</primary></indexterm>
- <para>&man.adduser.8; is a simple program for adding new users
+ <para>The recommended program for adding new users is &man.adduser.8;.
When a new user is added, this program automatically updates
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
<filename>/etc/group</filename>. It also creates a home
directory for the new user, copies in the default
configuration files from <filename
class="directory">/usr/share/skel</filename>, and can
- optionally mail the new user a welcome message.</para>
+ optionally mail the new user a welcome message. This utility
+ must be run as the <username>superuser</username></para>
+
+ <para>The &man.adduser.8; utility is interactive and walks
+ through the steps for creating a new user account. As seen in
+ Example 4.2, either input the required information or press
+ <keycap>Return</keycap> to accept the default value shown in
+ square brackets. In this example, the user has been invited
+ into the <groupname>wheel</groupname> group, which is
+ required to provide the account with superuser
+ access. When finished, the utility will prompt to either
+ create another user or to exit.</para>
<example>
<title>Adding a User on &os;</title>
@@ -743,13 +758,13 @@ Goodbye!
<secondary>removing</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>To completely remove a user from the system use
- &man.rmuser.8;. This command performs the following
+ <para>To completely remove a user from the system, run
+ &man.rmuser.8; as the superuser. This command performs the following
steps:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
- <para>Removes the user's &man.crontab.1; entry if one
+ <para>Removes the user's &man.crontab.1; entry, if one
exists.</para>
</step>
@@ -768,7 +783,7 @@ Goodbye!
</step>
<step>
- <para>Removes the user's home directory, if it is owned by
+ <para>Optionally removes the user's home directory, if it is owned by
the user.</para>
</step>
@@ -786,14 +801,11 @@ Goodbye!
<step>
<para>Finally, removes the username from all groups to which
- it belongs in <filename>/etc/group</filename>.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>If a group becomes empty and the group name is the
+ it belongs in <filename>/etc/group</filename>. If a group
+ becomes empty and the group name is the
same as the username, the group is removed. This
complements the per-user unique groups created by
&man.adduser.8;.</para>
- </note>
</step>
</procedure>
@@ -813,12 +825,7 @@ Matching password entry:
jru:*:1001:1001::0:0:J. Random User:/home/jru:/usr/local/bin/zsh
Is this the entry you wish to remove? <userinput>y</userinput>
Remove user's home directory (/home/jru)? <userinput>y</userinput>
-Updating password file, updating databases, done.
-Updating group file: trusted (removing group jru -- personal group is empty) done.
-Removing user's incoming mail file /var/mail/jru: done.
-Removing files belonging to jru from /tmp: done.
-Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp: done.
-Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp/vi.recover: done.
+Removing user (jru): mailspool home passwd.
&prompt.root;</screen>
</example>
</sect3>
@@ -827,12 +834,9 @@ Removing files belonging to jru from /va
<title><command>chpass</command></title>
<indexterm><primary><command>chpass</command></primary></indexterm>
- <para>&man.chpass.1; can be used to change user database
- information such as passwords, shells, and personal
- information.</para>
-
- <para>Only the superuser can change other users' information and
- passwords with &man.chpass.1;.</para>
+ <para>Any user can use &man.chpass.1; to change their default
+ shell and personal
+ information associated with their user account. The superuser can use this utility to change additional account information for any user.</para>
<para>When passed no options, aside from an optional username,
&man.chpass.1; displays an editor containing user information.
@@ -840,12 +844,19 @@ Removing files belonging to jru from /va
updated with the new information.</para>
<note>
- <para>You will be asked for your password after exiting the
- editor if you are not the superuser.</para>
+ <para>This utility will prompt for the user's password when exiting the
+ editor, unless the utility is run as the superuser.</para>
</note>
+
+ <para>In Example 4.4, the superuser has typed
+ <command>chpass jru</command> and is now viewing the fields
+ that can be changed for this user. If
+ <username>jru</username> runs this command instead, only the
+ last six fields will be displayed and available for
+ editing. This is shown in Example 4.5.</para>
<example>
- <title>Interactive <command>chpass</command> by
+ <title>Using <command>chpass</command> as
Superuser</title>
<screen>#Changing user database information for jru.
@@ -865,11 +876,8 @@ Home Phone:
Other information:</screen>
</example>
- <para>A user can change only a small subset of this
- information, and only for their own user account.</para>
-
<example>
- <title>Interactive <command>chpass</command> by Normal
+ <title>Using <command>chpass</command> as Regular
User</title>
<screen>#Changing user database information for jru.
@@ -884,8 +892,8 @@ Other information:</screen>
<note>
<para>&man.chfn.1; and &man.chsh.1; are links to
&man.chpass.1;, as are &man.ypchpass.1;, &man.ypchfn.1;, and
- &man.ypchsh.1;. <acronym>NIS</acronym> support is
- automatic, so specifying the <literal>yp</literal> before
+ &man.ypchsh.1;. Since <acronym>NIS</acronym> support is
+ automatic, specifying the <literal>yp</literal> before
the command is not necessary. How to configure NIS is
covered in <xref linkend="network-servers"/>.</para>
</note>
@@ -898,16 +906,10 @@ Other information:</screen>
<primary>accounts</primary>
<secondary>changing password</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>&man.passwd.1; is the usual way to change your own
- password as a user, or another user's password as the
- superuser.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>To prevent accidental or unauthorized changes, the user
- must enter their original password before a new password can
- be set. This is not the case when the superuser changes a
- user's password.</para>
- </note>
+ <para>Any user can easily change their password using &man.passwd.1;.
+ To prevent accidental or unauthorized changes, this command will
+ prompt for the user's original password before a new password can
+ be set:</para>
<example>
<title>Changing Your Password</title>
@@ -921,6 +923,12 @@ passwd: updating the database...
passwd: done</screen>
</example>
+ <para>The superuser can change any user's password by specifying
+ the username when running &man.passwd.1;. When this utility
+ is run as the superuser, it will not prompt for the user's
+ current password. This allows the password to be changed when
+ a user cannot remember the original password.</para>
+
<example>
<title>Changing Another User's Password as the
Superuser</title>
@@ -935,7 +943,7 @@ passwd: done</screen>
<note>
<para>As with &man.chpass.1;, &man.yppasswd.1; is a link to
- &man.passwd.1;, so NIS works with either command.</para>
+ &man.passwd.1;, so <acronym>NIS</acronym> works with either command.</para>
</note>
</sect3>
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