svn commit: r44802 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Fri May 9 18:42:36 UTC 2014
Author: dru
Date: Fri May 9 18:42:36 2014
New Revision: 44802
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/44802
Log:
Start to modernize the Sendmail configuration file section.
More commits to come
Sponsored by: iXsystems
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail/chapter.xml Fri May 9 18:27:07 2014 (r44801)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail/chapter.xml Fri May 9 18:42:36 2014 (r44802)
@@ -282,7 +282,8 @@ FreeBSD.org mail is handled by 10 mx1.Fr
<sect1 xml:id="sendmail">
<info>
- <title><application>Sendmail</application> Configuration</title>
+ <title><application>Sendmail</application> Configuration
+ Files</title>
<authorgroup>
<author><personname><firstname>Christopher</firstname><surname>Shumway</surname></personname><contrib>Contributed
@@ -294,17 +295,18 @@ FreeBSD.org mail is handled by 10 mx1.Fr
<primary><application>Sendmail</application></primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>&man.sendmail.8; is the default <acronym>MTA</acronym>
- which is installed with &os;.
- <application>Sendmail</application> accepts mail from
+ <para><application>Sendmail</application> is the default
+ <acronym>MTA</acronym> installed with &os;.
+ It accepts mail from
<acronym>MUA</acronym>s and delivers it to the appropriate
- mailer as defined by its configuration file.
+ mail host, as defined by its configuration.
<application>Sendmail</application> can also accept network
connections and deliver mail to local mailboxes or to another
program.</para>
- <para><application>Sendmail</application> uses the following
- configuration files. This section describes these files in more
+ <para>The configuration files for
+ <application>Sendmail</application> are located in
+ <filename>/etc/mail</filename>. This section describes these files in more
detail.</para>
<indexterm>
@@ -328,117 +330,69 @@ FreeBSD.org mail is handled by 10 mx1.Fr
<indexterm>
<primary><filename>/etc/mail/virtusertable</filename></primary>
</indexterm>
- <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry>Filename</entry>
- <entry>Function</entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/access</filename></entry>
- <entry><application>Sendmail</application> access database
- file.</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename></entry>
- <entry>Mailbox aliases</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename></entry>
- <entry>Lists of hosts <application>Sendmail</application>
- accepts mail for.</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/mailer.conf</filename></entry>
- <entry>Mailer program configuration.</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/mailertable</filename></entry>
- <entry>Mailer delivery table.</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename></entry>
- <entry><application>Sendmail</application> master
- configuration file.</entry>
- </row>
-
- <row>
- <entry>
- <filename>/etc/mail/virtusertable</filename></entry>
- <entry>Virtual users and domain tables.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <sect2>
- <title><filename>/etc/mail/access</filename></title>
-
- <para>This database defines which host(s) or IP addresses
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/mail/access</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This access database file defines which hosts or <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses
have access to the local mail server and what kind of access
- they have. Hosts can be listed as <option>OK</option>,
- <option>REJECT</option>, or <option>RELAY</option>, or can be
- passed to <application>Sendmail</application>'s error
- handling routine with a given mailer error. Hosts that
- are listed as <option>OK</option>, which is the default
- option, are allowed to send mail to this host as long as the
- mail's final destination is the local machine. Hosts that are
+ they have. Hosts listed as <option>OK</option>, which is the
+ default option, are allowed to send mail to this host as long
+ as the mail's final destination is the local machine. Hosts
listed as <option>REJECT</option> are rejected for all mail
- connections. Hosts that are listed as <option>RELAY</option>
- are allowed to send mail for any
- destination using this mail server.</para>
-
- <example>
- <title>Configuring the <application>Sendmail</application>
- Access Database</title>
-
- <programlisting>cyberspammer.com 550 We do not accept mail from spammers
-FREE.STEALTH.MAILER@ 550 We do not accept mail from spammers
-another.source.of.spam REJECT
-okay.cyberspammer.com OK
-128.32 RELAY</programlisting>
- </example>
-
- <para>This example shows five entries. Mail senders that match
+ connections. Hosts listed as <option>RELAY</option> are
+ allowed to send mail for any destination using this mail
+ server. Hosts listed as <option>ERROR</option> will have their mail returned with
+ the specified mail error. If a host is listed
+ as <option>SKIP</option>, <application>Sendmail</application>
+ will abort the current search for this entry without accepting
+ or rejecting the mail. Hosts listed
+ as <option>QUARANTINE</option> will have their messages held and will receive the
+ specified text as the reason for the hold.</para>
+
+ <para>Examples of using these options for both
+ <acronym>IPv4</acronym> and <acronym>IPv6</acronym>
+ addresses can be found in the &os; sample configuration,
+ <filename>/etc/mail/access.sample</filename>:</para>
+
+ <programlisting># $FreeBSD$
+#
+# Mail relay access control list. Default is to reject mail unless the
+# destination is local, or listed in /etc/mail/local-host-names
+#
+## Examples (commented out for safety)
+#From:cyberspammer.com ERROR:"550 We don't accept mail from spammers"
+#From:okay.cyberspammer.com OK
+#Connect:sendmail.org RELAY
+#To:sendmail.org RELAY
+#Connect:128.32 RELAY
+#Connect:128.32.2 SKIP
+#Connect:IPv6:1:2:3:4:5:6:7 RELAY
+#Connect:suspicious.example.com QUARANTINE:Mail from suspicious host
+#Connect:[127.0.0.3] OK
+#Connect:[IPv6:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8] OK</programlisting>
+
+ <para>To configure the access database, use the format shown in
+ the sample to make entries in
+ <filename>/etc/mail/access</filename>, but do not put a
+ comment symbol (<literal>#</literal>) in front of the entries. Create
+ an entry for each host or network whose access should be
+ configured. Mail senders that match
the left side of the table are affected by the action on the
- right side of the table. The first two examples give an error
- code to <application>Sendmail</application>'s error handling
- routine. The message is sent to the remote host when a mail
- matches the left side of the table. The third entry rejects
- mail from a specific host on the Internet,
- <systemitem>another.source.of.spam</systemitem>. The fourth
- entry accepts mail connections from <systemitem
- class="fqdomainname">okay.cyberspammer.com</systemitem>,
- which is more specific than the <systemitem
- class="fqdomainname">cyberspammer.com</systemitem> line
- above. More specific matches override less exact matches.
- The last entry allows relaying of email from hosts with an IP
- address that begins with <systemitem>128.32</systemitem>.
- These hosts can send mail through this mail server that is
- destined for other mail servers.</para>
+ right side of the table.</para>
- <para>Whenever this file is updated, run <command>make</command>
- in <filename>/etc/mail/</filename> to update the
- database.</para>
+ <para>Whenever this file is updated, update its database and
+ restart <application>Sendmail</application>:</para>
- </sect2>
- <sect2>
- <title><filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename></title>
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>makemap hash /etc/mail/access < /etc/mail/access</userinput>
+&prompt.root; <userinput>service sendmail restart</userinput></screen>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
<para>This database contains a list of virtual mailboxes that
are expanded to other user(s), files, programs, or other
aliases. Here are a few examples to illustrate the
@@ -477,11 +431,13 @@ procmail: "|/usr/local/bin/procmail"</pr
<para>Whenever this file is updated, run <command>make</command>
in <filename>/etc/mail/</filename> to update the
database.</para>
- </sect2>
- <sect2>
- <title><filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename></title>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
- <para>This is a list of hostnames &man.sendmail.8; is to accept
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/mail/local-host-names</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This is a list of hostnames <application>Sendmail</application> will accept
as the local host name. Place any domains or hosts that
<application>Sendmail</application> will receive mail for.
For example, to configure a mail server to accept mail for the
@@ -497,11 +453,12 @@ mail.example.com</programlisting>
<para>Whenever this file is updated, &man.sendmail.8; needs to be
restarted so that it will read the changes.</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title><filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename></title>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
<para>This is the master configuration file for
<application>Sendmail</application>. It controls the overall
behavior of <application>Sendmail</application>, including
@@ -520,13 +477,14 @@ mail.example.com</programlisting>
<para>Whenever changes to this file are made,
<application>Sendmail</application> needs to be restarted for
the changes to take effect.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
- </sect2>
- <sect2>
- <title><filename>/etc/mail/virtusertable</filename></title>
-
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/mail/virtusertable</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
<para>The <filename>virtusertable</filename> maps mail addresses
- for virtual domains and mailboxes to real mailboxes. These
+ for virtual domains and users to real mailboxes. These
mailboxes can be local, remote, aliases defined in
<filename>/etc/mail/aliases</filename>, or files.</para>
@@ -553,8 +511,9 @@ postmaster at example.com postmast
mail message addressed to someone at <systemitem
class="fqdomainname">example.com</systemitem> to the local
mailbox <systemitem class="username">joe</systemitem>.</para>
-
- </sect2>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="mail-changingmta">
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