svn commit: r43037 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Thu Oct 24 01:28:40 UTC 2013
Author: dru
Date: Thu Oct 24 01:28:39 2013
New Revision: 43037
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/43037
Log:
White space fix only. Translators can ignore.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml Wed Oct 23 23:35:27 2013 (r43036)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml Thu Oct 24 01:28:39 2013 (r43037)
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@
recorded audio, adding sound effects, and controlling attached
MIDI devices.</para>
- <para>&os; also supports the playback of video files and <acronym>DVD</acronym>s.
- The &os; Ports Collection contains applications to encode,
- convert, and playback various video media.</para>
+ <para>&os; also supports the playback of video files and
+ <acronym>DVD</acronym>s. The &os; Ports Collection contains
+ applications to encode, convert, and playback various video
+ media.</para>
<para>This chapter describes how to configure sound cards, video
playback, TV tuner cards, and scanners on &os;. It also
@@ -61,12 +62,13 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Play <acronym>DVD</acronym>s, <filename>.mpg</filename>, and
- <filename>.avi</filename> files.</para>
+ <para>Play <acronym>DVD</acronym>s, <filename>.mpg</filename>,
+ and <filename>.avi</filename> files.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>Rip CD and <acronym>DVD</acronym> content into files.</para>
+ <para>Rip CD and <acronym>DVD</acronym> content into
+ files.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Know how to install applications as described in
<xref linkend="ports"/>.</para></listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
+ </itemizedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sound-setup">
@@ -112,25 +114,25 @@
<title>Setting Up the Sound Card</title>
- <indexterm><primary>PCI</primary></indexterm>
- <indexterm><primary>sound cards</primary></indexterm>
- <para>Before beginning the configuration, determine the model of
- the sound card and the chip it uses. &os; supports a wide
- variety of sound cards. Check the supported audio devices
- list of the <ulink url="&rel.current.hardware;">Hardware
- Notes</ulink> to see if the card is supported and which &os;
- driver it uses.</para>
+ <indexterm><primary>PCI</primary></indexterm>
+ <indexterm><primary>sound cards</primary></indexterm>
+ <para>Before beginning the configuration, determine the model of
+ the sound card and the chip it uses. &os; supports a wide
+ variety of sound cards. Check the supported audio devices
+ list of the <ulink url="&rel.current.hardware;">Hardware
+ Notes</ulink> to see if the card is supported and which &os;
+ driver it uses.</para>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>kernel</primary>
- <secondary>configuration</secondary>
- </indexterm>
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary>kernel</primary>
+ <secondary>configuration</secondary>
+ </indexterm>
- <para>In order to use the sound device, its device driver
- must be loaded.
- The easiest way is to load a kernel module for the sound card
- with &man.kldload.8;. This example loads the driver for a
- built-in audio chipset based on the Intel specification:</para>
+ <para>In order to use the sound device, its device driver must be
+ loaded. The easiest way is to load a kernel module for the
+ sound card with &man.kldload.8;. This example loads the driver
+ for a built-in audio chipset based on the Intel
+ specification:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>kldload snd_hda</userinput></screen>
@@ -157,23 +159,24 @@
after loading the <filename>snd_driver</filename> metadriver,
type <command>cat /dev/sndstat</command>.</para>
- <sect2>
- <title>Configuring a Custom Kernel with Sound Support</title>
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Configuring a Custom Kernel with Sound Support</title>
- <para>This section is for users who prefer to statically compile in support for the
- sound card in a custom kernel. For more information about recompiling a
- kernel, refer to <xref linkend="kernelconfig"/>.</para>
-
- <para>When using a custom kernel to provide sound support, make
- sure that the audio framework driver exists in the custom kernel
- configuration file:</para>
-
- <programlisting>device sound</programlisting>
-
- <para>Next, add support for the sound card. To continue the example
- of the built-in audio chipset based on the Intel specification from the
- previous section, use the following line in the custom kernel
- configuration file:</para>
+ <para>This section is for users who prefer to statically compile
+ in support for the sound card in a custom kernel. For more
+ information about recompiling a kernel, refer to <xref
+ linkend="kernelconfig"/>.</para>
+
+ <para>When using a custom kernel to provide sound support, make
+ sure that the audio framework driver exists in the custom
+ kernel configuration file:</para>
+
+ <programlisting>device sound</programlisting>
+
+ <para>Next, add support for the sound card. To continue the
+ example of the built-in audio chipset based on the Intel
+ specification from the previous section, use the following
+ line in the custom kernel configuration file:</para>
<programlisting>device snd_hda</programlisting>
@@ -215,69 +218,71 @@ hint.sbc.0.flags="0x15"</programlisting>
cases, the IRQ or other settings may need to be changed to
match the card. Refer to &man.snd.sbc.4; for more information
about this card.</para>
- </sect2>
+ </sect2>
- <sect2 id="sound-testing">
- <title>Testing Sound</title>
+ <sect2 id="sound-testing">
+ <title>Testing Sound</title>
- <para>After loading
- the required module or rebooting into the custom kernel,
- the sound card should be detected.
- To confirm, run <command>dmesg | grep pcm</command>. This
- example is from a system with a built-in Conexant CX20590 chipset:</para>
+ <para>After loading the required module or rebooting into the
+ custom kernel, the sound card should be detected. To confirm,
+ run <command>dmesg | grep pcm</command>. This example is
+ from a system with a built-in Conexant CX20590 chipset:</para>
- <screen>pcm0: <NVIDIA (0x001c) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> at nid 5 on hdaa0
+ <screen>pcm0: <NVIDIA (0x001c) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> at nid 5 on hdaa0
pcm1: <NVIDIA (0x001c) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> at nid 6 on hdaa0
pcm2: <Conexant CX20590 (Analog 2.0+HP/2.0)> at nid 31,25 and 35,27 on hdaa1</screen>
- <para>The status of the sound card may also be checked using this
- command:</para>
+ <para>The status of the sound card may also be checked using
+ this command:</para>
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cat /dev/sndstat</userinput>
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cat /dev/sndstat</userinput>
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 64bit 2009061500/amd64)
Installed devices:
pcm0: <NVIDIA (0x001c) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> (play)
pcm1: <NVIDIA (0x001c) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> (play)
pcm2: <Conexant CX20590 (Analog 2.0+HP/2.0)> (play/rec) default</screen>
- <para>The output will vary depending upon the sound card. If no
- <devicename>pcm</devicename> devices are listed, double-check that the correct
- device driver was loaded or compiled into the kernel. The
- next section lists some common problems and their solutions.</para>
-
- <para>If all goes well, the sound card should now work in os;. If
- the <acronym>CD</acronym> or <acronym>DVD</acronym> drive is properly
- connected to the sound card, one can insert an audio CD in the
- drive and play it with &man.cdcontrol.1;:</para>
+ <para>The output will vary depending upon the sound card. If no
+ <devicename>pcm</devicename> devices are listed, double-check
+ that the correct device driver was loaded or compiled into the
+ kernel. The next section lists some common problems and their
+ solutions.</para>
+
+ <para>If all goes well, the sound card should now work in os;.
+ If the <acronym>CD</acronym> or <acronym>DVD</acronym> drive
+ is properly connected to the sound card, one can insert an
+ audio CD in the drive and play it with
+ &man.cdcontrol.1;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>cdcontrol -f /dev/acd0 play 1</userinput></screen>
- <warning>
- <para>Audio CDs have specialized encodings which means that they should not be
- mounted using &man.mount.8;.</para>
- </warning>
-
- <para>Various applications, such as <filename
- role="package">audio/workman</filename>, provide a friendlier
- interface. The <filename role="package">audio/mpg123</filename>
- port can be installed to listen to MP3 audio files.</para>
-
- <para>Another quick way to test the card is to send data to
- <devicename>/dev/dsp</devicename>:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>cat <replaceable>filename</replaceable> > /dev/dsp</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>where
- <filename><replaceable>filename</replaceable></filename> can
- be any type of file. This command should produce some noise, confirming
- that the sound card is working.</para>
+ <warning>
+ <para>Audio CDs have specialized encodings which means that
+ they should not be mounted using &man.mount.8;.</para>
+ </warning>
+
+ <para>Various applications, such as <filename
+ role="package">audio/workman</filename>, provide a
+ friendlier interface. The <filename
+ role="package">audio/mpg123</filename> port can be installed
+ to listen to MP3 audio files.</para>
+
+ <para>Another quick way to test the card is to send data to
+ <devicename>/dev/dsp</devicename>:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>cat <replaceable>filename</replaceable> > /dev/dsp</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>where
+ <filename><replaceable>filename</replaceable></filename> can
+ be any type of file. This command should produce some noise,
+ confirming that the sound card is working.</para>
- <note>
- <para>The <devicename>/dev/dsp*</devicename> device nodes will
- be created automatically as needed. When not in use, they
- do not exist and will not appear in the output of
- &man.ls.1;.</para>
- </note>
+ <note>
+ <para>The <devicename>/dev/dsp*</devicename> device nodes will
+ be created automatically as needed. When not in use, they
+ do not exist and will not appear in the output of
+ &man.ls.1;.</para>
+ </note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="troubleshooting">
@@ -292,7 +297,8 @@ pcm2: <Conexant CX20590 (Analog 2.0+H
solutions:</para>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1">
- <title>Common Error Messages</title>
+ <title>Common Error Messages</title>
+
<tgroup cols="2">
<thead>
<row>
@@ -327,8 +333,8 @@ pcm2: <Conexant CX20590 (Analog 2.0+H
<entry><errorname>xxx: can't open
/dev/dsp!</errorname></entry>
<entry><para>Type <command>fstat | grep
- dsp</command> to check if another application is holding the
- device open. Noteworthy troublemakers are
+ dsp</command> to check if another application is
+ holding the device open. Noteworthy troublemakers are
<application>esound</application> and
<application>KDE</application>'s sound
support.</para></entry>
@@ -337,11 +343,10 @@ pcm2: <Conexant CX20590 (Analog 2.0+H
</tgroup>
</table>
- <para>Modern graphics cards often come
- with their own sound driver for use with
- <acronym>HDMI</acronym>. This sound device is
- sometimes enumerated before the sound card meaning that the sound
- card will not be used as the default playback
+ <para>Modern graphics cards often come with their own sound
+ driver for use with <acronym>HDMI</acronym>. This sound
+ device is sometimes enumerated before the sound card meaning
+ that the sound card will not be used as the default playback
device. To check if this is the case, run
<application>dmesg</application> and look for
<literal>pcm</literal>. The output looks something like
@@ -365,11 +370,12 @@ pcm6: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #2 Digi
pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> at cad 2 nid 1 on hdac1
...</programlisting>
- <para>In this example, the graphics card (<literal>NVidia</literal>) has
- been enumerated before the sound card (<literal>Realtek
- ALC889</literal>). To use the sound card as the default
- playback device, change <varname>hw.snd.default_unit</varname>
- to the unit that should be used for playback:</para>
+ <para>In this example, the graphics card
+ (<literal>NVidia</literal>) has been enumerated before the
+ sound card (<literal>Realtek ALC889</literal>). To use the
+ sound card as the default playback device, change
+ <varname>hw.snd.default_unit</varname> to the unit that should
+ be used for playback:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl hw.snd.default_unit=<replaceable>n</replaceable></userinput></screen>
@@ -401,25 +407,24 @@ pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digi
Sound Channels</quote> to multiplex the
sound card's playback by mixing sound in the kernel.</para>
- <para>Three
- &man.sysctl.8; knobs are available for configuring virtual channels:</para>
+ <para>Three &man.sysctl.8; knobs are available for configuring
+ virtual channels:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl dev.pcm.0.play.vchans=4</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl dev.pcm.0.rec.vchans=4</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl hw.snd.maxautovchans=4</userinput></screen>
- <para>This example allocates four virtual channels, which
- is a practical number for everyday use. Both
+ <para>This example allocates four virtual channels, which is a
+ practical number for everyday use. Both
<varname>dev.pcm.0.play.vchans=4</varname> and
- <varname>dev.pcm.0.rec.vchans=4</varname> are configurable after a device has been
- attached and represent the number of
- virtual channels <devicename>pcm0</devicename> has for playback
- and recording. Since the
- <devicename>pcm</devicename> module can be loaded independently
- of the hardware drivers, <varname>hw.snd.maxautovchans</varname>
- indicates how many virtual channels will be given to an audio device
- when it is attached. Refer to &man.pcm.4; for more
- information.</para>
+ <varname>dev.pcm.0.rec.vchans=4</varname> are configurable after
+ a device has been attached and represent the number of virtual
+ channels <devicename>pcm0</devicename> has for playback and
+ recording. Since the <devicename>pcm</devicename> module can be
+ loaded independently of the hardware drivers,
+ <varname>hw.snd.maxautovchans</varname> indicates how many
+ virtual channels will be given to an audio device when it is
+ attached. Refer to &man.pcm.4; for more information.</para>
<note>
<para>The number of virtual channels for a device cannot be
@@ -451,10 +456,9 @@ pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digi
<para>The default values for the different mixer channels are
hardcoded in the source code of the &man.pcm.4; driver. While
sound card mixer levels can be changed using &man.mixer.8; or
- third-party applications and daemons, this is not a permanent solution.
- To instead set default
- mixer values at the driver level,
- define the appropriate values in
+ third-party applications and daemons, this is not a permanent
+ solution. To instead set default mixer values at the driver
+ level, define the appropriate values in
<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>, as seen in this
example:</para>
@@ -727,18 +731,19 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz
<title>Video Playback</title>
- <para>Before configuring video playback, determine the model
- and chipset of the video card. While
+ <para>Before configuring video playback, determine the model and
+ chipset of the video card. While
<application>&xorg;</application> supports a wide variety of
- video cards, not all provide good playback performance. To obtain
- a list of extensions supported by the
+ video cards, not all provide good playback performance. To
+ obtain a list of extensions supported by the
<application>&xorg;</application> server using the card, run
- <command>xdpyinfo</command> while <application>&xorg;</application> is
- running.</para>
+ <command>xdpyinfo</command> while
+ <application>&xorg;</application> is running.</para>
<para>It is a good idea to have a short MPEG test file for
- evaluating various players and options. Since some <acronym>DVD</acronym>
- applications look for <acronym>DVD</acronym> media in <filename
+ evaluating various players and options. Since some
+ <acronym>DVD</acronym> applications look for
+ <acronym>DVD</acronym> media in <filename
class="directory">/dev/dvd</filename> by default, or have this
device name hardcoded in them, it might be useful to make a
symbolic links to the proper device:</para>
@@ -746,14 +751,15 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ln -sf /dev/cd0 /dev/dvd</userinput></screen>
<para>Due to the nature of &man.devfs.5;, manually created links
- will not persist after a system reboot. In order to recreate the
- symbolic link automatically when the system boots, add the
+ will not persist after a system reboot. In order to recreate
+ the symbolic link automatically when the system boots, add the
following line to <filename>/etc/devfs.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>link cd0 dvd</programlisting>
- <para><acronym>DVD</acronym> decryption invokes certain functions that
- require write permission to the <acronym>DVD</acronym> device.</para>
+ <para><acronym>DVD</acronym> decryption invokes certain functions
+ that require write permission to the <acronym>DVD</acronym>
+ device.</para>
<para>To enhance the shared memory
<application>&xorg;</application> interface, it is
@@ -785,35 +791,38 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768</programlisting>
<listitem>
<para>XVideo: an extension to the
- <application>&xorg;</application> interface which
- allows video to be directly displayed in drawable objects
- through a special acceleration. This extension provides
- good quality playback even on low-end machines. The next section describes
- how to determine if this extension is running.</para>
+ <application>&xorg;</application> interface which
+ allows video to be directly displayed in drawable objects
+ through a special acceleration. This extension provides
+ good quality playback even on low-end machines. The next
+ section describes how to determine if this extension is
+ running.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><acronym>SDL</acronym>: the Simple Directmedia
- Layer is a porting layer for many operating systems,
- allowing cross-platform applications to be developed which make
- efficient use of sound and graphics. <acronym>SDL</acronym> provides a
- low-level abstraction to the hardware which can sometimes be
- more efficient than the <application>&xorg;</application>
- interface. On &os;, <acronym>SDL</acronym> can be installed using the <filename
- role="package">devel/sdl20</filename> package or port.</para>
+ <para><acronym>SDL</acronym>: the Simple Directmedia Layer is
+ a porting layer for many operating systems, allowing
+ cross-platform applications to be developed which make
+ efficient use of sound and graphics. <acronym>SDL</acronym>
+ provides a low-level abstraction to the hardware which can
+ sometimes be more efficient than the
+ <application>&xorg;</application> interface. On &os;,
+ <acronym>SDL</acronym> can be installed using the <filename
+ role="package">devel/sdl20</filename> package or
+ port.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para><acronym>DGA</acronym>: the Direct Graphics
- Access is an
- <application>&xorg;</application> extension which allows a
- program to bypass the <application>&xorg;</application> server
- and directly alter the framebuffer. Because it relies on a low
- level memory mapping, programs using it must be run as
- <username>root</username>. The <acronym>DGA</acronym> extension can be tested and
- benchmarked using &man.dga.1;. When <command>dga</command> is
- running, it changes the colors of the display whenever a key is
- pressed. To quit, press <keycap>q</keycap>.</para>
+ <para><acronym>DGA</acronym>: the Direct Graphics Access is an
+ <application>&xorg;</application> extension which allows a
+ program to bypass the <application>&xorg;</application>
+ server and directly alter the framebuffer. Because it
+ relies on a low level memory mapping, programs using it must
+ be run as <username>root</username>. The
+ <acronym>DGA</acronym> extension can be tested and
+ benchmarked using &man.dga.1;. When <command>dga</command>
+ is running, it changes the colors of the display whenever a
+ key is pressed. To quit, press <keycap>q</keycap>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -901,23 +910,22 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768</programlisting>
depth: 1
red, green, blue masks: 0x0, 0x0, 0x0</screen>
- <para>The formats listed, such as YUV2 and YUV12, are not present
- with every implementation of XVideo and their absence may hinder
- some players.</para>
+ <para>The formats listed, such as YUV2 and YUV12, are not
+ present with every implementation of XVideo and their absence
+ may hinder some players.</para>
- <para>If the result instead looks like:</para>
+ <para>If the result instead looks like:</para>
- <screen>X-Video Extension version 2.2
+ <screen>X-Video Extension version 2.2
screen #0
no adaptors present</screen>
- <para>XVideo is probably not supported for the card. This means
- that it will be more difficult for the display to meet the
- computational demands of rendering video, depending on the
- video card and processor.</para>
-
- </sect3>
-</sect2>
+ <para>XVideo is probably not supported for the card. This means
+ that it will be more difficult for the display to meet the
+ computational demands of rendering video, depending on the
+ video card and processor.</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
<sect2 id="video-ports">
<title>Ports and Packages Dealing with Video</title>
@@ -930,162 +938,163 @@ no adaptors present</screen>
playback.</para>
<sect3 id="video-mplayer">
- <title><application>MPlayer</application> and <application>MEncoder</application></title>
+ <title><application>MPlayer</application> and
+ <application>MEncoder</application></title>
<para><application>MPlayer</application> is a command-line video
player with an optional graphical interface which aims to
- provide speed and flexibility. Other
- graphical front-ends to <application>MPlayer</application> are available from the &os; Ports
- Collection.</para>
+ provide speed and flexibility. Other graphical front-ends to
+ <application>MPlayer</application> are available from the &os;
+ Ports Collection.</para>
+
+ <indexterm><primary>MPlayer</primary></indexterm>
+
+ <para><application>MPlayer</application> can be installed using
+ the <filename role="package">multimedia/mplayer</filename>
+ package or port. Several compile options are available and a
+ variety of hardware checks occur during the build process.
+ For these reasons, some users prefer to build the port rather
+ than install the package.</para>
+
+ <para>When compiling the port, the menu options should be
+ reviewed to determine the type of support to compile into the
+ port. If an option is not selected,
+ <application>MPlayer</application> will not be able to
+ display that type of video format. Use the arrow keys and
+ spacebar to select the required formats. When finished,
+ press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to continue the port compile
+ and installation.</para>
+
+ <para>By default, the package or port will build the
+ <command>mplayer</command> command line utility and the
+ <command>gmplayer</command> graphical utility. To encode
+ videos, compile the <filename
+ role="package">multimedia/mencoder</filename> port. Due to
+ licensing restrictions, a package is not available for
+ <application>MEncoder</application>.</para>
+
+ <para>The first time <application>MPlayer</application> is run,
+ it will create <filename
+ class="directory">~/.mplayer</filename> in the user's home
+ directory. This subdirectory contains default versions of
+ the user-specific configuration files.</para>
+
+ <para>This section describes only a few common uses. Refer to
+ mplayer(1) for a complete description of its numerous
+ options.</para>
+
+ <para>To play the file
+ <filename><replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></filename>,
+ specify the video interfaces with <option>-vo</option>, as
+ seen in the following examples:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo xv <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo sdl <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo dga <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo 'sdl:dga' <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>It is worth trying all of these options, as their
+ relative performance depends on many factors and will vary
+ significantly with hardware.</para>
+
+ <para>To play a <acronym>DVD</acronym>, replace
+ <filename><replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></filename>
+ with <option>dvd://<replaceable>N</replaceable> -dvd-device
+ <replaceable>DEVICE</replaceable></option>, where
+ <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the title number to play and
+ <replaceable>DEVICE</replaceable> is the device node for the
+ <acronym>DVD</acronym>. For example, to play title 3 from
+ <devicename>/dev/dvd</devicename>:</para>
- <indexterm><primary>MPlayer</primary></indexterm>
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo xv dvd://3 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</userinput></screen>
- <para><application>MPlayer</application> can be installed using
- the <filename
- role="package">multimedia/mplayer</filename> package or port. Several
- compile options are available and a variety of hardware
- checks occur during the build process. For these reasons,
- some users prefer to build the port rather than install the
- package.</para>
-
- <para>When compiling the port, the menu options should be reviewed to determine the
- type of support to compile into the port. If an option is
- not selected, <application>MPlayer</application> will not be
- able to display that type of video format. Use the arrow
- keys and spacebar to select the required formats. When
- finished, press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to continue the port
- compile and installation.</para>
-
- <para>By default, the package or port will build the
- <command>mplayer</command> command line utility and the
- <command>gmplayer</command> graphical utility. To encode
- videos, compile the <filename
- role="package">multimedia/mencoder</filename> port. Due
- to licensing restrictions, a package is not available for
- <application>MEncoder</application>.</para>
-
- <para>The first time <application>MPlayer</application> is
- run, it will create <filename
- class="directory">~/.mplayer</filename> in the user's
- home directory. This subdirectory contains default versions
- of the user-specific configuration files.</para>
-
- <para>This section describes only a few common uses. Refer
- to mplayer(1) for a complete
- description of its numerous options.</para>
-
- <para>To play the file
- <filename><replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></filename>,
- specify the video interfaces with
- <option>-vo</option>, as seen in the following examples:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo xv <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo sdl <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
-<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mplayer -vo x11 <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
-<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo dga <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
-<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo 'sdl:dga' <replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
- <para>It is worth trying all of these options, as their
- relative performance depends on many factors and will vary
- significantly with hardware.</para>
-
- <para>To play a <acronym>DVD</acronym>, replace
- <filename><replaceable>testfile.avi</replaceable></filename>
- with <option>dvd://<replaceable>N</replaceable> -dvd-device
- <replaceable>DEVICE</replaceable></option>, where
- <replaceable>N</replaceable> is the title number to play
- and <replaceable>DEVICE</replaceable>
- is the device node for the <acronym>DVD</acronym>. For example, to play
- title 3 from <devicename>/dev/dvd</devicename>:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -vo xv dvd://3 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</userinput></screen>
-
- <note>
- <para>The default <acronym>DVD</acronym> device can be defined during the build
- of the <application>MPlayer</application> port by
- including the
- <makevar>WITH_DVD_DEVICE=/path/to/desired/device</makevar>
- option. By default, the device is
- <filename>/dev/cd0</filename>. More details can be found
- in the port's
- <filename>Makefile.options</filename>.</para>
- </note>
-
- <para>To stop, pause, advance, and so on, use a
- keybinding. To see the list of keybindings, run <command>mplayer
- -h</command> or read mplayer(1).</para>
-
- <para>Additional playback options include
- <option>-fs -zoom</option>, which engages fullscreen mode,
- and <option>-framedrop</option>, which helps
- performance.</para>
+ <note>
+ <para>The default <acronym>DVD</acronym> device can be defined
+ during the build of the <application>MPlayer</application>
+ port by including the
+ <makevar>WITH_DVD_DEVICE=/path/to/desired/device</makevar>
+ option. By default, the device is
+ <filename>/dev/cd0</filename>. More details can be found in
+ the port's <filename>Makefile.options</filename>.</para>
+ </note>
- <para>Each user can add commonly used options to their
- <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename> like so:</para>
+ <para>To stop, pause, advance, and so on, use a keybinding. To
+ see the list of keybindings, run <command>mplayer
+ -h</command> or read mplayer(1).</para>
+
+ <para>Additional playback options include <option>-fs
+ -zoom</option>, which engages fullscreen mode, and
+ <option>-framedrop</option>, which helps performance.</para>
- <programlisting>vo=xv
+ <para>Each user can add commonly used options to their
+ <filename>~/.mplayer/config</filename> like so:</para>
+
+ <programlisting>vo=xv
fs=yes
zoom=yes</programlisting>
- <para><command>mplayer</command> can be used to rip a <acronym>DVD</acronym>
- title to a <filename>.vob</filename>. To dump the second
- title from a <acronym>DVD</acronym>:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -dumpstream -dumpfile out.vob dvd://2 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>The output file, <filename>out.vob</filename>, will be
- in <acronym>MPEG</acronym> format.</para>
-
- <para>Anyone wishing to obtain a high level
- of expertise with &unix; video should consult <ulink url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/">mplayerhq.hu/DOCS</ulink> as it is technically informative.
- This documentation should be considered as required reading
- before submitting any bug reports.</para>
-
- <indexterm>
- <primary>mencoder</primary>
- </indexterm>
-
- <para>Before using <command>mencoder</command>, it is a good
- idea to become familiar with the options described at
- <ulink
- url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html">mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html</ulink>. There are innumerable ways to
- improve quality, lower bitrate, and change formats, and some
- of these options may make the difference between good or bad
- performance. Improper combinations of command line options
- can yield output files that are unplayable even by
- <command>mplayer</command>.</para>
-
- <para>Here is an example of a simple copy:</para>
-
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
-
- <para>To rip to a file, use <option>-dumpfile</option> with
- <command>mplayer</command>.</para>
-
- <para>To convert
- <filename><replaceable>input.avi</replaceable></filename>
- to the MPEG4 codec with MPEG3 audio encoding, first install
- the <filename role="package">audio/lame</filename> port.
- Due to licensing restrictions, a package is not available.
- Once installed, type:</para>
+ <para><command>mplayer</command> can be used to rip a
+ <acronym>DVD</acronym> title to a <filename>.vob</filename>.
+ To dump the second title from a <acronym>DVD</acronym>:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mplayer -dumpstream -dumpfile out.vob dvd://2 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>The output file, <filename>out.vob</filename>, will be in
+ <acronym>MPEG</acronym> format.</para>
+
+ <para>Anyone wishing to obtain a high level of expertise with
+ &unix; video should consult <ulink
+ url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/">mplayerhq.hu/DOCS</ulink>
+ as it is technically informative. This documentation should
+ be considered as required reading before submitting any bug
+ reports.</para>
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -oac mp3lame -lameopts br=192 \
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary>mencoder</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>Before using <command>mencoder</command>, it is a good
+ idea to become familiar with the options described at
+ <ulink
+ url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html">mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html</ulink>.
+ There are innumerable ways to improve quality, lower bitrate,
+ and change formats, and some of these options may make the
+ difference between good or bad performance. Improper
+ combinations of command line options can yield output files
+ that are unplayable even by <command>mplayer</command>.</para>
+
+ <para>Here is an example of a simple copy:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -oac copy -ovc copy -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>To rip to a file, use <option>-dumpfile</option> with
+ <command>mplayer</command>.</para>
+
+ <para>To convert
+ <filename><replaceable>input.avi</replaceable></filename> to
+ the MPEG4 codec with MPEG3 audio encoding, first install the
+ <filename role="package">audio/lame</filename> port. Due to
+ licensing restrictions, a package is not available. Once
+ installed, type:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>mencoder <replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -oac mp3lame -lameopts br=192 \
-ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vhq -o <replaceable>output.avi</replaceable></userinput></screen>
- <para>This will produce output playable by applications such
- as <command>mplayer</command> and
- <command>xine</command>.</para>
-
- <para><filename><replaceable>input.avi</replaceable></filename>
- can be replaced with <option>dvd://1 -dvd-device
- /dev/dvd</option> and run as <username>root</username>
- to re-encode a <acronym>DVD</acronym> title directly. Since it may take a few
- tries to get the desired result, it is recommended to instead dump
- the title to a file and to work on the file.</para>
+ <para>This will produce output playable by applications such as
+ <command>mplayer</command> and <command>xine</command>.</para>
+
+ <para><filename><replaceable>input.avi</replaceable></filename>
+ can be replaced with <option>dvd://1 -dvd-device
+ /dev/dvd</option> and run as <username>root</username> to
+ re-encode a <acronym>DVD</acronym> title directly. Since it
+ may take a few tries to get the desired result, it is
+ recommended to instead dump the title to a file and to work on
+ the file.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="video-xine">
@@ -1129,8 +1138,8 @@ zoom=yes</programlisting>
with stdin/stdout stream
interfaces.</para>
- <para>In &os;, <application>Transcode</application> can be installed
- using the <filename
+ <para>In &os;, <application>Transcode</application> can be
+ installed using the <filename
role="package">multimedia/transcode</filename> package or
port. Many users prefer to compile the port as it provides a
menu of compile options for specifying the support and codecs
@@ -1144,23 +1153,25 @@ zoom=yes</programlisting>
<para>This example demonstrates how to convert a DivX file into
a PAL MPEG-1 file (PAL VCD):</para>
- <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>transcode -i
+ <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>transcode -i
<replaceable>input.avi</replaceable> -V --export_prof vcd-pal -o output_vcd</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>mplex -f 1 -o <replaceable>output_vcd.mpg output_vcd.m1v output_vcd.mpa</replaceable></userinput></screen>
- <para>The resulting <acronym>MPEG</acronym> file,
- <filename><replaceable>output_vcd.mpg</replaceable></filename>,
- is ready to be played with <application>MPlayer</application>.
- The file can be burned on a <acronym>CD</acronym> media to create a video <acronym>CD</acronym> using a utility such as
- <filename
- role="package">multimedia/vcdimager</filename> or <filename
- role="package">sysutils/cdrdao</filename>.</para>
-
- <para>In addition to the manual page for
- <command>transcode</command>, refer to <ulink
- url="http://www.transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode">transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode</ulink> for further information and examples.</para>
- </sect3>
-</sect2>
+ <para>The resulting <acronym>MPEG</acronym> file,
+ <filename><replaceable>output_vcd.mpg</replaceable></filename>,
+ is ready to be played with <application>MPlayer</application>.
+ The file can be burned on a <acronym>CD</acronym> media to
+ create a video <acronym>CD</acronym> using a utility such as
+ <filename
+ role="package">multimedia/vcdimager</filename> or <filename
+ role="package">sysutils/cdrdao</filename>.</para>
+
+ <para>In addition to the manual page for
+ <command>transcode</command>, refer to <ulink
+ url="http://www.transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode">transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode</ulink>
+ for further information and examples.</para>
+ </sect3>
+ </sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="tvcard">
@@ -1189,16 +1200,16 @@ zoom=yes</programlisting>
<primary>TV cards</primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>TV cards can be used to watch broadcast or cable TV on
- a computer. Most cards accept composite video via an <acronym>RCA</acronym> or
- S-video input and some cards include a <acronym>FM</acronym> radio tuner.</para>
-
- <para>&os; provides support for PCI-based TV cards using a
- Brooktree Bt848/849/878/879
- video capture chip with the &man.bktr.4; driver. This driver
- supports most Pinnacle PCTV video cards. Before purchasing a TV card,
- onsult &man.bktr.4; for a
- list of supported tuners.</para>
+ <para>TV cards can be used to watch broadcast or cable TV on a
+ computer. Most cards accept composite video via an
+ <acronym>RCA</acronym> or S-video input and some cards include a
+ <acronym>FM</acronym> radio tuner.</para>
+
+ <para>&os; provides support for PCI-based TV cards using a
+ Brooktree Bt848/849/878/879 video capture chip with the
+ &man.bktr.4; driver. This driver supports most Pinnacle PCTV
+ video cards. Before purchasing a TV card, onsult &man.bktr.4; for
+ a list of supported tuners.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Loading the Driver</title>
@@ -1223,9 +1234,9 @@ device smbus</programlisting>
components are interconnected via an I2C bus. Then, build and
install a new kernel.</para>
- <para>To test that the tuner is correctly detected, reboot the system. The TV card
- should appear in the boot messages, as seen in this
- example:</para>
+ <para>To test that the tuner is correctly detected, reboot the
+ system. The TV card should appear in the boot messages, as
+ seen in this example:</para>
<programlisting>bktr0: <BrookTree 848A> mem 0xd7000000-0xd7000fff irq 10 at device 10.0 on pci0
iicbb0: <I2C bit-banging driver> on bti2c0
@@ -1247,8 +1258,8 @@ bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM t
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl hw.bt848.tuner=6</userinput></screen>
- <para>Refer to &man.bktr.4; for a description
- of the available &man.sysctl.8; parameters and kernel options.</para>
+ <para>Refer to &man.bktr.4; for a description of the available
+ &man.sysctl.8; parameters and kernel options.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
@@ -1281,10 +1292,10 @@ bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM t
<sect2>
<title>Troubleshooting</title>
- <para>If any problems are encountered with the TV card,
- check that the video capture chip and the tuner are
- supported by &man.bktr.4; and that the right configuration
- options were used. For more support or to ask questions
+ <para>If any problems are encountered with the TV card, check
+ that the video capture chip and the tuner are supported by
+ &man.bktr.4; and that the right configuration options were
+ used. For more support or to ask questions
about supported TV cards, refer to the
&a.multimedia.name; mailing list.</para>
</sect2>
@@ -1294,44 +1305,45 @@ bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM t
<title>MythTV</title>
<para>MythTV is a popular, open source Personal Video Recorder
- (<acronym>PVR</acronym>)
- application. This section demonstrates how to install and
- setup MythTV on &os;. Refer to <ulink
+ (<acronym>PVR</acronym>) application. This section demonstrates
+ how to install and setup MythTV on &os;. Refer to <ulink
url="http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/">mythtv.org/wiki</ulink> for
more information on how to use MythTV.</para>
- <para>MythTV requires a frontend and a backend. These components
- can either be installed on the same system or on
- different machines.</para>
-
- <para>The frontend can be installed on &os; using the <filename
- role="package">multimedia/mythtv-frontend</filename> package or port.
- <application>&xorg;</application> must also be installed and configured as described in
- <xref linkend="x11"/>. Ideally, this
- system has a video card that supports X-Video Motion Compensation
- (<acronym>XvMC</acronym>) and,
- optionally, a Linux Infrared Remote Control
- (<acronym>LIRC</acronym>)-compatible remote.</para>
-
- <para>To install both the backend and the frontend on &os;, use the <filename
- role="package">multimedia/mythtv</filename> package or port.
- A &mysql; database server is also required and should
- automatically be installed as a dependency.
- Optionally, this system should have a tuner card
- and sufficient storage to hold recorded data.</para>
+ <para>MythTV requires a frontend and a backend. These
+ components can either be installed on the same system or on
+ different machines.</para>
+
+ <para>The frontend can be installed on &os; using the <filename
+ role="package">multimedia/mythtv-frontend</filename> package
+ or port. <application>&xorg;</application> must also be
+ installed and configured as described in <xref
+ linkend="x11"/>. Ideally, this system has a video card that
+ supports X-Video Motion Compensation
+ (<acronym>XvMC</acronym>) and, optionally, a Linux Infrared
+ Remote Control (<acronym>LIRC</acronym>)-compatible
+ remote.</para>
+
+ <para>To install both the backend and the frontend on &os;, use
+ the <filename role="package">multimedia/mythtv</filename>
+ package or port. A &mysql; database server is also required
+ and should automatically be installed as a dependency.
+ Optionally, this system should have a tuner card and
+ sufficient storage to hold recorded data.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Hardware</title>
- <para>MythTV uses Video for Linux (<acronym>V4L</acronym>) to access video input
- devices such as encoders and tuners. In &os;, MythTV
- works best with <acronym>USB</acronym> DVB-S/C/T cards as they are well supported by the <filename
- role="package">multimedia/webcamd</filename> package or port which provides
- a <acronym>V4L</acronym> userland application.
- Any Digital Video Broadcasting (<acronym>DVB</acronym>)
- card supported by <application>webcamd</application> should
- work with MythTV. A list of known working cards can be
- found at <ulink
+ <para>MythTV uses Video for Linux (<acronym>V4L</acronym>) to
+ access video input devices such as encoders and tuners. In
+ &os;, MythTV works best with <acronym>USB</acronym> DVB-S/C/T
+ cards as they are well supported by the <filename
+ role="package">multimedia/webcamd</filename> package or port
+ which provides a <acronym>V4L</acronym> userland application.
+ Any Digital Video Broadcasting (<acronym>DVB</acronym>) card
+ supported by <application>webcamd</application> should work
+ with MythTV. A list of known working cards can be found at
+ <ulink
url="http://wiki.freebsd.org/WebcamCompat">wiki.freebsd.org/WebcamCompat</ulink>.
Drivers are also available for Hauppauge cards in the
<filename
@@ -1342,7 +1354,8 @@ bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM t
restrictions, no packages are available and these two ports
must be compiled.</para>
*** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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