svn commit: r42809 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Wed Oct 2 20:02:03 UTC 2013
Author: dru
Date: Wed Oct 2 20:02:02 2013
New Revision: 42809
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/42809
Log:
This patch:
- clarifies that this is an alternative to pkgng
- updates the listing version numbers and removes the example for manually fetching a pkg
- removes .tgz format
- does some word-smithing to make what is demonstrated clearer and to refer the reader to man pages for further usage examples
- comments out the author info so that it doesn't render in the print version
Approved by: gjb (mentor)
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml Wed Oct 2 18:00:46 2013 (r42808)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.xml Wed Oct 2 20:02:02 2013 (r42809)
@@ -341,33 +341,40 @@ Info: Lists information about open fil
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>
+
<sect1 id="packages-using">
<sect1info>
- <authorgroup>
+ <!--<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Chern</firstname>
<surname>Lee</surname>
<contrib>Contributed by </contrib>
</author>
- </authorgroup>
- <!-- 30 Mar 2001 -->
+ </authorgroup>-->
</sect1info>
<title>Using Binary Packages</title>
<para>At the present time, &os; is transitioning toward a new
- method of package management. Users of the latest releases
+ method of package management. Users
may wish to investigate the benefits of using
- <link linkend="pkgng-intro">PKGng</link> to manage third
- party software on &os;. For those not yet migrated to the
- <application>pkgng</application> tool, the tools discussed
- here may be used for managing the package database. For
- simplicity, the <command>sysinstall</command> utility is
- also available post-install for package management.</para>
+ <link linkend="pkgng-intro">PKGng</link> to manage third-party
+ software on &os;. This section describes the traditional method
+ for managing binary packages and only applies to those users who have not yet migrated to the
+ <application>pkgng</application> format.</para>
- <para>All package installation files are stored in the
+ <para>This method of package management uses a
package database directory,
- <filename class="directory">/var/db/pkg</filename>.</para>
+ <filename class="directory">/var/db/pkg</filename>, to track
+ installed software versions and the files installed with each
+ application. Several utilities interact with the database
+ directory and are used to manage binary packages. These
+ commands begin with <literal>pkg_</literal>. This section
+ provides an overview of the commands which are used to install,
+ delete, and gather information about binary packages. Each
+ command provides many switches to customize its operation.
+ Refer to the listed man pages for more details and further usage
+ examples.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Installing a Package</title>
@@ -380,43 +387,16 @@ Info: Lists information about open fil
<indexterm>
<primary><command>pkg_add</command></primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>Use &man.pkg.add.1; to install a &os; binary package from
- a local file or from a server on the network.</para>
-
- <example>
- <title>Downloading a Package Manually and Installing It
- Locally</title>
-
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ftp -a <replaceable>ftp2.FreeBSD.org</replaceable></userinput>
-Connected to ftp2.FreeBSD.org.
-220 ftp2.FreeBSD.org FTP server (Version 6.00LS) ready.
-331 Guest login ok, send your email address as password.
-230-
-230- This machine is in Vienna, VA, USA, hosted by Verio.
-230- Questions? E-mail freebsd at vienna.verio.net.
-230-
-230-
-230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
-Remote system type is UNIX.
-Using binary mode to transfer files.
-<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>cd /pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/sysutils/</userinput>
-250 CWD command successful.
-<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>get lsof-4.56.4.tgz</userinput>
-local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56.4.tgz
-200 PORT command successful.
-150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 'lsof-4.56.4.tgz' (92375 bytes).
-100% |**************************************************| 92375 00:00 ETA
-226 Transfer complete.
-92375 bytes received in 5.60 seconds (16.11 KB/s)
-<prompt>ftp></prompt> <userinput>exit</userinput>
-&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add <replaceable>lsof-4.56.4.tgz</replaceable></userinput></screen>
- </example>
-
- <para>If you do not have a source of local packages, such as a
- &os; CD-ROM set, include <option>-r</option> with
+ <para>To install a binary package from
+ a local &os; media or a remote &os; package server, use &man.pkg.add.1;.
+ While a &os; media can provide a source of local packages
+ without requiring a network connection, it may not contain
+ the latest versions of binary packages as new versions are
+ always being rebuilt for the &os; package servers. To install
+ from a package server, always include <option>-r</option> (for remote) with
&man.pkg.add.1;. This automatically determines the correct
object format and release, and then fetches and installs the
- package from an FTP site without any further user
+ package from a package server without any further user
intervention.</para>
<indexterm>
@@ -424,18 +404,16 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56
</indexterm>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r <replaceable>lsof</replaceable></userinput></screen>
- <para>To specify an alternative &os; FTP mirror, specify the
+ <para>In this example, <literal>lsof</literal> is used without
+ specifying a version number as the version is not included when the remote
+ fetching feature is used. To specify an alternative &os; FTP mirror, specify the
mirror in the <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar> environment variable.
&man.pkg.add.1; uses &man.fetch.3; to download files, which
uses various environment variables, including
<envar>FTP_PASSIVE_MODE</envar>, <envar>FTP_PROXY</envar>, and
<envar>FTP_PASSWORD</envar>. You may need to set one or more
of these if you are behind a firewall, or need to use an
- FTP/HTTP proxy. See &man.fetch.3; for the complete list of variables.
- Note that in the example above <literal>lsof</literal> is used
- instead of <literal>lsof-4.56.4</literal>. When the remote
- fetching feature is used, the version number of the package
- must be removed.</para>
+ FTP/HTTP proxy. See &man.fetch.3; for the complete list of FTP-related variables.</para>
<note>
<para>&man.pkg.add.1; will automatically download the latest
@@ -444,23 +422,23 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56
installs the version of the package that was built with that
release. It is possible to change this behavior by
overriding <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar>. For example, on a
- &os; 8.1-RELEASE system, by default &man.pkg.add.1;
+ &os; 9.1-RELEASE system, by default &man.pkg.add.1;
will try to fetch packages from
- <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8.1-release/Latest/</literal>.
- To force &man.pkg.add.1; to download &os; 8-STABLE
+ <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-9.1-release/Latest/</literal>.
+ To force &man.pkg.add.1; to download &os; 9-STABLE
packages, set <envar>PACKAGESITE</envar> to
- <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/Latest/</literal>.</para>
+ <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-9-stable/Latest/</literal>.</para>
</note>
- <para>Package files are distributed in <filename>.tgz</filename>
- and <filename>.tbz</filename> formats. Packages are
+ <para>Package files are distributed in the
+ <filename>.tbz</filename> format. Packages are
available from <ulink
- url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/"></ulink>,
+ url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/"></ulink>
or the <filename>/packages</filename> directory of the &os;
DVD distribution. The layout of the packages directory is similar to
- that of the <filename>/usr/ports</filename> tree. Each
+ that of the <filename class="directory">/usr/ports</filename> tree. Each
category has its own directory, and every package can be found
- within the <filename>All</filename> directory.</para>
+ within the <filename class="directory">All</filename> directory.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
@@ -471,21 +449,21 @@ local: lsof-4.56.4.tgz remote: lsof-4.56
<secondary>managing</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>&man.pkg.info.1; can be used to list and describe
- installed packages:</para>
+ <para>To list and describe
+ installed packages, use &man.pkg.info.1;:</para>
<indexterm>
<primary><command>pkg_info</command></primary>
</indexterm>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_info</userinput>
-colordiff-1.0.13 A tool to colorize diff output
-docbook-1.2 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD
+colordiff-1.0.13 Tool to colorize diff output
+docbook-1.4 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD
...</screen>
- <para>&man.pkg.version.1; summarizes the versions of all
- installed packages and compares the package version to the
- current version found in the ports tree.</para>
+ <para>To receive a summary of the versions of all
+ installed packages and a comparison of the installed package versions to the
+ current versions found in the locally installed ports tree, use &man.pkg.version.1;:</para>
<indexterm>
<primary><command>pkg_version</command></primary>
@@ -546,7 +524,7 @@ docbook =
<entry>!</entry>
<entry>The installed package exists in the index but for
- some reason, <command>pkg_version</command> was unable
+ some reason <command>pkg_version</command> was unable
to compare the version number of the installed package
with the corresponding entry in the index.</entry>
</row>
@@ -570,12 +548,12 @@ docbook =
<para>To remove a previously installed software package, use
&man.pkg.delete.1;:</para>
- <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-2.8.8_1</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>Note that &man.pkg.delete.1; requires the full package
- name and number; the above command would not work if
+ name and number and that the above command would not work if
<replaceable>xchat</replaceable> was given instead of
- <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable>. Use
+ <replaceable>xchat-2.8.8_1</replaceable>. Use
&man.pkg.version.1; to find the version of the
installed package, or use a wildcard:</para>
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