SD card formatting

[Polytropon]

On Tue, 17 Mar 2020 00:37:21 +0100, Claude Buisson wrote:
> On 2020-03-15 22:39, Gary Aitken wrote:
> > 11.3-RELEASE-p6 GENERIC  amd64
> > 
> > I'm having trouble reading SD cards formatted in my camera (Olympus 
> > EM1-MkII)
> > or on a Win 7 system.  When attempting to mount, I get the following:
> > 
> > $ mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt/memstick
> > mount_msdosfs: /dev/da0s1: Invalid argument
> > $ mount -t ntfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt/memstick
> > mount: /dev/da0s1: Operation not supported by device
> > 
> > Cards used without formatting *usually* seem to work.
> > 
> > If I look at the cards which don't mount using gpart, I see:
> > 
> > Card formatted in camera:
> > $ gpart show -p /dev/da0
> > =>       63  120944577    da0  MBR  (58G)
> >           63      32705         - free -  (16M)
> >        32768  120911872  da0s1  ntfs  [active]  (58G)
> > $ gpart show -r /dev/da0
> > =>       63  120944577  da0  MBR  (58G)
> >           63      32705       - free -  (16M)
> >        32768  120911872    1  7  [active]  (58G)
> > 
> > If I look at cards that I know I can mount I see the following:
> > 
> > $ gpart show -p da0
> > =>      63  30375873    da0  MBR  (14G)
> >          63      8129         - free -  (4.0M)
> >        8192  15118336  da0s1  fat32lba  (7.2G)
> >    15126528  15249408         - free -  (7.3G)
> > $ gpart show -r /dev/da0
> > =>      63  30375873  da0  MBR  (14G)
> >          63      8129       - free -  (4.0M)
> >        8192  15118336    1  12  (7.2G)
> >    15126528  15249408       - free -  (7.3G)
> > 
> > or:
> > 
> > $ gpart show -p /dev/da0
> > =>       1  15633407    da0  MBR  (7.5G)
> >           1        31         - free -  (16K)
> >          32  15633376  da0s1  fat32  (7.5G)
> > $ gpart show -r /dev/da0
> > =>       1  15633407  da0  MBR  (7.5G)
> >           1        31       - free -  (16K)
> >          32  15633376    1  11  (7.5G)
> > 
> > I tried reformatting as follows:
> > 
> > # gpart delete -i 1 da0
> > da0s1 deleted
> > # gpart add -i 1 -a 4M -t "\!11" da0
> > da0s1 added
> > # gpart show -r da0
> > =>       63  120944577  da0  MBR  (58G)
> >           63       8129       - free -  (4.0M)
> >         8192  120930304    1  11  (58G)
> >    120938496       6144       - free -  (3.0M)
> > # newfs_msdos -F 32 /dev/da0s1
> > /dev/da0s1: 120900736 sectors in 1889074 FAT32 clusters (32768 
> > bytes/cluster)
> > BytesPerSec=512 SecPerClust=64 ResSectors=32 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 
> > SecPerTrack=63 Heads=255 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=120930304 
> > FATsecs=14759 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2
> > 
> > If I put this card in the camera, I get an error ("Card Error")
> > If I again format the card in the camera, I can't mount it.
> > 
> > I need to reformat these cards so I can use them in the camera and on
> > freebsd, and apparently neither the camera nor win7 does that, so...
> > What's the right way to lay out, format, and create a file system on an
> > SD card so it is usable by cameras and windoze?
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > Gary
> > _______________________________________________
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> > https://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
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> 
> Your card with a capacity > 32GB must be formatted as exFAT
> 
> The partition type seen by gpart is the same as NTFS
> 
> man gpart
>   ...
>   ntfs      A partition that contains a NTFS or exFAT filesystem
> 
> see also Bug 244461

Excellent finding!

I think this is the key to a solution. The remaining questions are:

1. How to mount exFAT on FreeBSD?

I think I can answer that: A FUSE module is required. Install
fusefs-exfat (and maybe exfat-utils) from the sysutils category
to get mount.exfat and exfatfsck (if it should be needed).
Inegration with /etc/fstab should be no problem.

2. How to initialize a exFAT SD card on FreeBSD?

Probably with mkexfatfs from exfat-utils (as mentioned above).




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...