FreeBSD as multicast router

Mike Karels mike at karels.net
Wed Nov 6 02:41:43 UTC 2019


> On 05/11/2019 09:09, Mike Karels wrote:
> >> On 03/11/2019 08:22, Mike Karels wrote:
> >>>>>>> Hi All
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> I have (noob) questions about multicast routing under FreeBSD.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> I have FreeBSD box with two (or more) multicast enabled interfaces (e.x.
> >>>>>>> vlan750 and vlan299).  vlan750 connected to multicast source.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Then pimd installed and only this two interfaces enabled in pimd config.
> >>>>>>> Multicast routes successfully installed by pimd and listed by `netstat
> >>>>>>> -g -f inet`
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Then client on vlan299 send IGMP-Join (this Join received by FreeBSD on
> >>>>>>> vlan299)
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> The question is:  who will forward muilticast from one interface
> >>>>>>> (vlan750) to another (vlan299)?  Is it kernel specific job or I need
> >>>>>>> additional software?
> >>>>>
> >>>>>> Please read the manpage multicast(4) "man 4 multicast",
> >>>>>> you should need to build a custom kernel with the "options MROUTING"
> >>>>>> to enable the multicast forwarding in the kernel.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> If "netstat -g" shows routes, the kernel must have been built with "options
> >>>>> MROUTING".
> >>>
> >>>> Indeed.
> >>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> The kernel does the forwarding, according to those routing tables installed
> >>>>> by pimd or another multicast routing program.  Is it not working?  It sounds
> >>>>> like you are very close.
> >>>
> >>>> Could it be sysctl net.inet.ip.forwarding?  Does that still apply to mroutes?
> >>>
> >>> No, they are separate.  The test is just whether MROUTING is enabled, and
> >>> whether a multicast router like pimd is active.
> >>>
> >>> One other thing to check would be "netstat -gs" (multicast stats).
> > 
> >> Oops!
> > 
> >> =====
> >> # netstat -f inet -gs
> >> No IPv4 MROUTING kernel support.
> >> =====
> > 
> > This looks like a bug in netstat; it is doing a test that is wrong for
> > the loadable module.

I don't know how much the stats might help, but if you let me know what
version you are running, I can build a fixed netstat.  Or I can send
a source patch.

> >> But I have ip_mroute.ko loaded and netstat -g shows something like
> > 
> >> =====
> >> # netstat -f inet -g
> > 
> >> IPv4 Virtual Interface Table
> >>    Vif   Thresh   Local-Address   Remote-Address    Pkts-In   Pkts-Out
> >>     0         1   A.A.A.A                           0          0
> >>     1         1   B.B.B.19                          0          0
> >>     2        10   10.199.199.102                          0          0
> >>     3        15   10.200.200.6                        77440          0
> >>     4         1   A.A.A.A                           0      77440
> > 
> >> IPv4 Multicast Forwarding Table
> >>    Origin          Group             Packets In-Vif  Out-Vifs:Ttls
> >>    10.200.200.5    232.232.8.33        1844    3    4:1
> >>    10.200.200.5    232.232.8.171        1843    3    4:1
> >>    10.200.200.5    232.232.8.58         4609    3    4:1
> >>    10.200.200.5    232.232.8.154        1844    3    4:1
> >>    10.200.200.5    232.232.8.170        1844    3    4:1

I missed this before.  Looks like the last column should include 2:1 in
each case if pimd saw the join.  The multicasts are only being sent to
Vif 4, the register-vif (see below); the Pkts-Out for it is the same
as the input on 3.  I'm not familiar enough with pimd to guess what is
wrong.

> >> =====
> > 
> > 
> >> and
> > 
> >> =====
> >> # pimd -r
> >> Virtual Interface Table
> >> ======================================================
> >> Vif  Local Address    Subnet              Thresh  Flags      Neighbors
> >> ---  ---------------  ------------------  ------  ---------
> >> -----------------
> >>     0  A.A.A.A    A.A.A.A/25            1  DR NO-NBR
> >>     1  B.B.B.19   B.B.B              1  DR NO-NBR
> >>     2  10.199.199.102   10.199.199.100/30       10  DR PIM
> >> 10.199.199.101
> >>     3  10.200.200.6     10.200.200/29           15  DR NO-NBR
> >>     4  A.A.A.A    register_vif0            1
> > 
> >>    Vif  SSM Group        Sources
> > 
> >> Multicast Routing Table
> >> ======================================================
> >> ----------------------------------- (S,G)
> >> ------------------------------------
> >> Source           Group            RP Address       Flags
> >> ---------------  ---------------  ---------------
> >> ---------------------------
> >> 10.200.200.5     232.232.8.33     SSM              CACHE SG
> >> Joined   oifs: ....j
> >> Pruned   oifs: .....
> >> Leaves   oifs: .....
> >> Asserted oifs: .....
> >> Outgoing oifs: ....o
> >> Incoming     : ...I.
> >> =====
> > 
> > 
> >> A.A.A.A is external IP-address.  No multicast trafic must be sended to
> >> this interface.
> >> 10.200.200.6 -- vlan750, multicast comes from here
> >> 10.199.199.102 -- vlan299, multicast must be forfarded here after
> >> IGMP-Join received from 10.199.199.101/30
> > 
> > 
> >> So, kernel with MROUTING options must be configured/installed or
> >> ip_mroute.ko is enough?
> > 
> > A kernel with MROUTING would let you see stats, but ip_mroute.ko should
> > be enough to function (although I haven't tested that).
> > 
> > I'm not familiar with the pimd output, but it seems plausible.  I am
> > assuming that the multicasts are not getting to the vlan299 network?
> > Have you looked at the incoming traffic with tcpdump?  Use the -p
> > option to avoid promiscuous mode to see that the input NIC is receiving
> > those multicasts, and check the TTL of the incoming multicast packets.
> > (If it is 1, the packets will not be forwarded.)


> Yes, multicast packets arrived to FBSD via vlan750 and TTL is 20.  But 
> no packets forwarded to vlan299 after IGMP-Join received:

> =====
> 00:39:30.484901 IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 13571, offset 0, flags [none], 
> proto IGMP (2), length 36, options (RA))
>      10.199.199.102 > 224.0.0.1: igmp query v3

> 00:39:31.356732 IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto 
> IGMP (2), length 56, options (RA))
>      10.199.199.102 > 224.0.0.22: igmp v3 report, 3 group record(s) 
> [gaddr 224.0.0.22 is_ex { }] [gaddr 224.0.0.2 is_ex { }] [gaddr 
> 224.0.0.13 is_ex { }]

> 00:39:33.091330 IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto 
> IGMP (2), length 40, options (RA))
>      10.199.199.101 > 224.0.0.22: igmp v3 report, 1 group record(s) 
> [gaddr 232.232.8.33 to_ex { }]

> 00:39:35.166091 IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto 
> IGMP (2), length 40, options (RA))
>      10.199.199.101 > 224.0.0.22: igmp v3 report, 1 group record(s) 
> [gaddr 232.232.8.33 to_ex { }]
> =====


> -- 
> CU,
> Victor Gamov

		Mike


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