Re: Very slow scp performance comparing to Linux [dd to /dev/null shows substantial FreeBSD vs. Ubuntu differences for bs=1k (or 1K) and bs=512]
- Reply: Mark Millard : "Re: Very slow scp performance comparing to Linux [dd to /dev/null shows substantial FreeBSD vs. Ubuntu differences for bs=1k (or 1K) and bs=512]"
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Date: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 01:45:33 UTC
All Why not take scp out of the picture and try iperf? Why , we could be looking at rss by default in Linux . --- Mark Saad | nonesuch@longcount.org > On Aug 30, 2023, at 8:10 PM, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote: > > On Aug 30, 2023, at 01:49, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote: > >>> On Aug 30, 2023, at 01:22, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote: >>> >>>> On Aug 30, 2023, at 01:17, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote: >>> >>>> On Aug 29, 2023, at 12:52, Mark Millard <marklmi@yahoo.com> wrote: >>>> >>>>> Wei Hu <weh_at_microsoft.com> wrote on >>>>> Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2023 12:55:35 UTC : >>>>> >>>>>> Thanks for the update. Seems the numbers are the same on zfs and ufs. That's >>>>>> good to know. >>>>>> >>>>>> Yes, your numbers on ARM64 are better than mine on Intel. However, my original >>>>>> intention was to find out why scp on Linux is performing much better than FreeBSD >>>>>> under the same hardware env. >>>>>> >>>>>> Is it possible to try Linux in your ARM64 setting? I am using Ubuntu 22.04 on ext4 >>>>>> file system. >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> I tried to use the Hyper-V Quick Create on the Windows Dev Kit 2023 >>>>> to install a Ubuntu 22.04 . (No clue if ext4 would result.) But the >>>>> Hyper-V UEFI reports for the disk created: >>>>> >>>>> 1. SCSI Disk 0,0 >>>>> The boot loader did not load an operating system. >>>>> >>>>> (It then reports the network adapter attempt found no >>>>> boot image, but that is expected.) >>>>> >>>>> That leaves me wondering if Hyper-V Quick Create >>>>> established a VM file holding Intel/AMD material >>>>> despite the aarch64 context. >>>>> >>>>> Establishing a Ubuntu more directly is not familiar and >>>>> will have to be a background activity and, so, likely >>>>> will not be timely. If I did any experiments outside >>>>> Hyper-V (native booting), they would be with slower >>>>> USB3 SSD media than I use for FreeBSD. >>>>> >>>>> I did notice that Hyper-V Quick Create did not create >>>>> a fixed sized disk but a dynamic sized one. That is >>>>> different than what I did for FreeBSD. >>>>> >>>>> Also, it was not obvious if you were after aarch64 >>>>> Hyper-V testing vs. native-boot testing vs. both. So >>>>> I may have gone the wrong direction from the start. >>>>> It is possible that I'd find establishing a native-boot >>>>> easier and then be able to have a VM file created from >>>>> the media, more like what I did with FreeBSD. >>>>> >>>>> The Ubuntu activity likely would not be analogous to >>>>> the FreeBSD builds having -mcpu= optimization used. >>>>> >>>>> Back to $work. >>>>> >>>> >>>> I found a sequence of UI operations that worked for >>>> installing Ubuntu server 22.04.3 into Hyper-V in >>>> Windows 11 Pro on the Windows Dev Kit 2023 via >>>> use of a downloaded *.iso . >>>> >>>> The kernel that results predates 6.0: >>>> >>>> $ uname -ap >>>> Linux ubwdk23s 5.15.0-82-generic #91-Ubuntu SMP Mon Aug 14 14:19:18 UTC 2023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux >>>> >>>> Using my usual rule of rebooting before the first scp: >>>> >>>> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> . . . >>>> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 431.3MB/s 00:11 >>>> >>>> $ rm FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> . . . >>>> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 482.2MB/s 00:10 >>>> >>>> Definitely faster than the FreeBSD results that I reported >>>> earlier, including faster than the ThreadRipper 1950X with >>>> Optane in a PCIe slot (more like 300 MiBytes/sec). >>>> >>>> I again used 6 cores, 24576 MiBytes of RAM, a fixed sized virtual hard >>>> disk under Hyper-V. >>>> >>>> For reference: >>>> >>>> $ lsblk -f >>>> NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS >>>> loop0 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/core20/1977 >>>> loop1 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/lxd/24326 >>>> loop2 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/snapd/19459 >>>> sda ├─sda1 vfat FAT32 F7E9-1344 1G 1% /boot/efi >>>> └─sda2 ext4 1.0 48a0dbe6-5a99-4b6e-92dc-fe6d8efc6ffe 99.3G 14% / >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> An experiment would be to have a small amount if RAM relative >>>> the file size. That would force it to actually write to media >>>> for some part of the file copy. >>> >>> The wording was poor: "force it" here is just from the >>> Ubuntu viewpoint. I make no claim to know if Hyper-V >>> is actually writing the material out to media at the >>> time vs. later. >>> >>>> So using 1024 MiByte of RAM assigned in Hyper-V: >>>> >>>> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> . . . >>>> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 407.5MB/s 00:12 >>>> >>>> $ rm FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:FreeBSD-14-TEST.img >>>> . . . >>>> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 404.7MB/s 00:12 >>>> >>>> Still definitely faster than the FreeBSD results that I >>>> reported earlier, including faster than the ThreadRipper >>>> 1950X with Optane in a PCIe slot (more like 300 MiBytes/sec). >> >> One more variation in ubuntu under Hyper-V, still with 1024 MiBytes >> of assigned RAM: use of localhost:/dev/null >> >> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:/dev/null >> . . . >> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img >> >> $ scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img markmi@localhost:/dev/null >> . . . >> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 492.9MB/s 00:10 >> >> >> The matching FreeBSD examples with 24576 MiBytes of RAM assigned (ZFS context): >> >> # scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img root@localhost:/dev/null >> . . . >> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img >> >> # scp FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img root@localhost:/dev/null >> . . . >> FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img 100% 5120MB 198.7MB/s 00:25 >> >> >> Note: At most one VM running at a time, never both in overlapping times. > > Avoiding having a cipher involved and even localhost > involved: use dd . . . > > > FreeBSD examples for Windows Dev Kit 2023 Hyper-V context, > 24576 MiByts of RAM assigned): > > # dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=1m status=progress > 2512388096 bytes (2512 MB, 2396 MiB) transferred 1.046s, 2402 MB/s > 5120+0 records in > 5120+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes transferred in 1.627071 secs (3299614770 bytes/sec) > CA78C-WDK23s-ZFS aarch64 1500000 1500000 # dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=1k status=progress > 5233509376 bytes (5234 MB, 4991 MiB) transferred 14.022s, 373 MB/s > 5242880+0 records in > 5242880+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes transferred in 14.365142 secs (373731714 bytes/sec) > CA78C-WDK23s-ZFS aarch64 1500000 1500000 # dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=512 status=progress > 5285410816 bytes (5285 MB, 5041 MiB) transferred 27.029s, 196 MB/s > 10485760+0 records in > 10485760+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes transferred in 27.432570 secs (195705657 bytes/sec) > > > Ubuntu 22.04.3 for Windows Dev Kit 2023 Hyper-V context, > only 1024 MiBytes of RAM assigned: > > $ dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=1M status=progress > 4003463168 bytes (4.0 GB, 3.7 GiB) copied, 2 s, 2.0 GB/s > 5120+0 records in > 5120+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes (5.4 GB, 5.0 GiB) copied, 2.56342 s, 2.1 GB/s > $ dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=1K status=progress > 4793865216 bytes (4.8 GB, 4.5 GiB) copied, 6 s, 799 MB/s > 5242880+0 records in > 5242880+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes (5.4 GB, 5.0 GiB) copied, 6.60403 s, 813 MB/s > markmi@ubwdk23s:~$ dd if=FreeBSD-14.0-ALPHA2-arm-armv7-GENERICSD-20230818-77013f29d048-264841.img of=/dev/null bs=512 status=progress > 4800102912 bytes (4.8 GB, 4.5 GiB) copied, 9 s, 533 MB/s > 10485760+0 records in > 10485760+0 records out > 5368709120 bytes (5.4 GB, 5.0 GiB) copied, 9.95606 s, 539 MB/s > > > === > Mark Millard > marklmi at yahoo.com > >