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Hermes SMTP Server) with ESMTPA ID 8524ba17a2f55de1e17f40836eb13afd; Sun, 24 Dec 2023 21:42:37 +0000 (UTC) From: Mark Millard Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable List-Id: Filesystems List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-fs List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Sender: owner-freebsd-fs@freebsd.org Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 16.0 \(3774.300.61.1.2\)) Subject: Re: measuring swap partition speed Date: Sun, 24 Dec 2023 13:42:25 -0800 References: <0D286183-ACD6-4818-8E27-E03D7F16D288@yahoo.com> To: void , freebsd-fs@freebsd.org In-Reply-To: <0D286183-ACD6-4818-8E27-E03D7F16D288@yahoo.com> Message-Id: X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3774.300.61.1.2) X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-3.50 / 15.00]; NEURAL_HAM_LONG(-1.00)[-1.000]; NEURAL_HAM_MEDIUM(-1.00)[-1.000]; NEURAL_HAM_SHORT(-1.00)[-0.998]; DMARC_POLICY_ALLOW(-0.50)[yahoo.com,reject]; MV_CASE(0.50)[]; R_DKIM_ALLOW(-0.20)[yahoo.com:s=s2048]; R_SPF_ALLOW(-0.20)[+ptr:yahoo.com]; MIME_GOOD(-0.10)[text/plain]; FROM_HAS_DN(0.00)[]; ARC_NA(0.00)[]; RCVD_VIA_SMTP_AUTH(0.00)[]; TO_MATCH_ENVRCPT_SOME(0.00)[]; DWL_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[yahoo.com:dkim]; MLMMJ_DEST(0.00)[freebsd-fs@freebsd.org]; RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE(0.00)[98.137.68.31:from]; MID_RHS_MATCH_FROM(0.00)[]; FREEMAIL_ENVFROM(0.00)[yahoo.com]; RWL_MAILSPIKE_POSSIBLE(0.00)[98.137.68.31:from]; DKIM_TRACE(0.00)[yahoo.com:+]; FREEMAIL_FROM(0.00)[yahoo.com]; TO_DN_SOME(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:36647, ipnet:98.137.64.0/20, country:US]; RCPT_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2]; FROM_EQ_ENVFROM(0.00)[]; FREEMAIL_TO(0.00)[f-m.fm,freebsd.org]; MIME_TRACE(0.00)[0:+]; RCVD_TLS_LAST(0.00)[]; RCVD_COUNT_TWO(0.00)[2] X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4Syvdr6Cjzz3Swt X-Spamd-Bar: --- I just thought of another relevant setting that my normal context has but that the RPi4B snapshot does not have (by default) and you might not have: use of noatime (or analogous for ZFS) The default /etc/fstab for the snapshot: # more /ets/fstab # Custom /etc/fstab for FreeBSD embedded images /dev/ufs/rootfs / ufs rw 1 = 1 /dev/msdosfs/EFI /boot/efi msdosfs rw,noatime = 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,mode=3D1777 0 = 0 /dev/label/growfs_swap none swap sw 0 = 0 Keeping access times updated causes lots of extra I/O activity. My future snapshot testing will likely mostly be with: # more /etc/fstab # Custom /etc/fstab for FreeBSD embedded images /dev/ufs/rootfs / ufs rw,noatime = 1 1 /dev/msdosfs/EFI /boot/efi msdosfs rw,noatime = 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,mode=3D1777 0 = 0 /dev/label/growfs_swap none swap sw 0 = 0 =3D=3D=3D Mark Millard marklmi at yahoo.com